Comparison of insulin glargine and liraglutide added to oral agents in patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes
Open accessAbstract
Aim To compare safety and efficacy of insulin glargine and liraglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Methods This randomized, multinational, open-label trial included subjects treated for T2DM with metformin ± sulphonylurea, who had glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels of 7.5-12%. Subjects were assigned to 24 weeks of insulin glargine, titrated to target fasting plasma glucose of 4.0-5.5 mmol/L or liraglutide, escalated to the highest approved clinical dose of 1.8 mg daily. The trial was powered to detect superiority of glargine over liraglutide in percentage of people reaching HbA1c Results The mean [standard deviation (s.d.)] age of the participants was 57 (9) years, the duration of diabetes was 9 (6) years, body mass index was 31.9 (4.2) kg/m(2) and HbA1c level was 9.0 (1.1)%. Equal numbers (n = 489) were allocated to glargine and liraglutide. Similar numbers of subjects in both groups attained an HbA1c level of Conclusion Adding either insulin glargine or liraglutide to subjects with poorly controlled T2DM reduces HbA1c substantially, with nearly half of subjects reaching target levels of 7%.
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There is evidence that people with type 2 diabetes and severe hyperglycemia can also be effectively treated with a sulfonylurea, a GLP-1 RA, or dual GIP and GLP-1 RA, though evidence is scarce for individuals with baseline A1C above 10-12%.
“Additionally, there is evidence that people with type 2 diabetes and severe hyperglycemia can also be effectively treated with a sulfonylurea, a GLP-1 RA, or dual GIP and GLP-1 RA, though evidence is scarce for individuals with baseline A1C above 10-12% (104,109-111).”
From 9. Pharmacologic Approaches to Glycemic Treatment: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2025 (2025) · cites this paper as [111]
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9. Pharmacologic Approaches to Glycemic Treatment: Standards of Care in Diabetes—2025
American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee, ElSayed, N. A., McCoy, R. G., Aleppo, G., Bajaj, M., Balapattabi, K., Beverly, E. A., Briggs Early, K., Bruemmer, D., Echouffo-Tcheugui, J. B., et al. (2025) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc25-s009 · Cited by 728 · see citing works
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: a systematic review of comparative effectiveness research
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- Authors
- D'Alessio, D., Häring, H. ‐., Charbonnel, B., de Pablos‐Velasco, P., Candelas, C., Dain, M. ‐., Vincent, M., Pilorget, V., Yki‐Järvinen, H., & on behalf of the EAGLE Investigators
- Affiliations
- Department of Medicine University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Cincinnati OH USA
- University of Tübingen (DE)
- Nantes Université (FR)
- Dr Negrin Hospital, Las Palmas University Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Spain
- Sanofi (France) (FR)
- University of Helsinki (FI)
- Venue
- Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2014-12-07
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 170-178
- ISSN
- 1462-8902 (ISSN-L)
- 1463-1326
- OpenAlex
- W2078839892
- Cited by
- 56
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 3.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Acceda (Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria) (submittedVersion)
- Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Sanofi Aventis
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Keywords
- insulin glargine, liraglutide, type 2 diabetes, HbA1c, metformin, sulfonylureas, basal insulin, GLP-1 receptor agonists, glycemic control, hypoglycemia, gastrointestinal adverse effects, weight change, drug safety and efficacy, uncontrolled diabetes, insulin dose adjustment, fasting blood glucose
- MeSH terms
- Insulin Glargine, Liraglutide, Administration, Oral, Aged, Blood Glucose, Body Weight, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, International Cooperation, Male, Metformin, Middle Aged, Body Mass Index, Treatment Outcome, Insulin, Long-Acting, Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
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