The DOI matches its Crossref record; 10 of the 10 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Annual variation of the geomagnetic field
Abstract
The annual variation of the geomagnetic field is a phenomenon resulting from the movement of the mean latitude of the ring current between summer and winter and is of importance for the determination of deep-mantle conductivity. However, if the annual term is determined from data based on all-day means, it is found to include terms arising from the seasonal variation and modulation of Sq. This effect is investigated both theoretically and experimentally, and it is concluded that the annual variation is best determined from night-time data.
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In the citing paper
“However, the atmospheric pressure and the electromagnetic fields on Earth’s surface show annual variations (37, 38), making it possible that the sensing of lunar rhythms may be facilitated during the winter.”
From Women temporarily synchronize their menstrual cycles with the luminance and gravimetric cycles of the Moon (2021) · cites this paper as [38]
Citations
Cites
Geomagnetic Variations and the Electrical Conductivity of the Upper Mantle
Banks, R. J. (1969) · Geophysical Journal International · doi:10.1111/j.1365-246x.1969.tb00252.x · Cited by 444
The Overall Conductivity Distribution of the Earth
Banks, R. J. (1972) · Journal of geomagnetism and geoelectricity · doi:10.5636/jgg.24.337 · Cited by 101
Annual variation of the geomagnetic field
Malin, S. R. C., & Işıkara, A. M. (1976) · Geophysical Journal International · doi:10.1111/j.1365-246x.1976.tb07096.x · Cited by 80
Self-citationLong-period geomagnetic variations and mantle conductivity: an inversion using Bailey's method
Achache, J. J., Mouël, J. L., & Courtillot, V. E. (1981) · Geophysical Journal International · doi:10.1111/j.1365-246x.1981.tb04873.x · Cited by 79
A discussion of impulses and jerks in the geomagnetic field
Alldredge, L. R. (1984) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/jb089ib06p04403 · Cited by 62
Alldredge, L. R. (1977) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/jb082i033p05427 · Cited by 53
Sunspot cycle influence on the geomagnetic field
Harwood, J. M., & Malin, S. R. C. (1977) · Geophysical Journal International · doi:10.1111/j.1365-246x.1977.tb01337.x · Cited by 38
Self-citationGeomagnetic lunar analysis by least-squares
Malin, S. R. C., & Schlapp, D. M. (1980) · Geophysical Journal International · doi:10.1111/j.1365-246x.1980.tb04817.x · Cited by 37
Self-citationCampbell, W. H. (1980) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/jb085ib11p06557 · Cited by 17
Comment on ‘Deep mantle conductivity’ by L. R. Alldredge
Courtillot, V. E., & Mouël, J. L. (1979) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/jb084ib09p04785 · Cited by 13
Cited by
Helfrich-Förster, C., Monecke, S., Spiousas, I., Hovestadt, T., Mitesser, O., & Wehr, T. A. (2021) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.abe1358 · Cited by 70
Metadata
- Authors
- Malin, S. R. C., & Winch, D. E.
- Affiliations
- Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute (TR)
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- Venue
- Geophysical Journal International
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1996-01
- Volume
- 124
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 170-174
- ISSN
- 0956-540X (ISSN-L)
- 1365-246X
- OpenAlex
- W4234655997
- Cited by
- 19
- References
- 10
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Geophysical Journal International (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- University of Sydney
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geophysics › Geomagnetism and Paleomagnetism Studies
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Space and Planetary Science › Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geophysics › Geophysical and Geoelectrical Methods
- Keywords
- ring current, seasonal variation, geomagnetic secular variation
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Annual variation of the geomagnetic field. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1111/j.1365-246x.1996.tb06361.x
- The paper
- Malin, S. R. C., & Winch, D. E. (1996). Annual variation of the geomagnetic field. Geophysical Journal International. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246x.1996.tb06361.x
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
