Measurements of neuromuscular tone and strength in down’s syndrome children.
Abstract
Twenty-eight Down's syndrome children and 22 normal children were evaluated for patellar tendon reflex, muscle tone and grip strength. All of this subjects were between the ages of 4 and 17 years. It was the purpose of this study to determine the differences between Down's syndrome and normal children. The standard patellar reflex test was used for one measure of muscle tone, and a locally devised muscle palpation test for the second measure of muscle tone. Finally, grip strength was employed as our measure of muscle strength. Results indicated that Down's syndrome children had a less brisk and more irregular patellar reflex response than normal controls. Furthermore, overall muscular tone was less in these Down's syndrome subjects and finally, muscular grip strength was inferior in Down's syndrome children when compared to normal children. Implications for increased physical education and physical activity are noted for this special population.
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Motor deficits are present at birth in Down syndrome, indicating that changes in cellular circuitry of the spinal cord likely precede adulthood.
“However, motor deficits are present at birth indicating that changes in cellular circuitry of the spinal cord likely precede adulthood.”
From Neurodevelopment in Down syndrome: Concordance in humans and models (2022) · cites this paper as Morris et al., 1982
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Neurodevelopment in Down syndrome: Concordance in humans and models
Klein, J. A., & Haydar, T. F. (2022) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2022.941855 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
“While the majority of studies have focused heavily on identifying perturbations in brain development in DS, there are also alterations in the cellular composition of the spinal cord that are thought to contribute to the motor deficits found in DS (Morris et al., 1982; Palisano et al., 2001).”
BackgroundAnalysis of motor dysfunction in down Syndrome reveals motor neuron degeneration.
Watson-Scales, S., Kalmar, B., Lana-Elola, E., Gibbins, D., La Russa, F., Wiseman, F., Williamson, M., Saccon, R., Slender, A., Olerinyova, A., et al. (2018) · PLOS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1007383 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
- Authors
- Morris, A. F., Vaughan, S. E., & Vaccaro, P.
- Affiliations
- University of Maryland, College Park (US)
- Corresponding author
- Morris, A. F.
- Venue
- Journal of Intellectual Disability Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1982-03
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 41-46
- ISSN
- 0964-2633 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2788
- OpenAlex
- W2088826677
- Cited by
- 132
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 1.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Intellectual Disability Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Down syndrome and intellectual disability research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Children's Physical and Motor Development
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Inclusion and Disability in Education and Sport
- Keywords
- Down syndrome, muscle strength, patellar reflex, grip strength, muscle tone assessment, muscle palpation, children, physical education, physical activity
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Down Syndrome, Female, Humans, Male, Muscle Tonus, Muscles, Reflex, Stretch
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