Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 591

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 35 of the 35 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The minimal relationship between simulation fidelity and transfer of learning

Norman, Geoff, Dore, Kelly, Grierson, Lawrence·2012·Medical Education

Abstract

Medical Education 2012 Context High‐fidelity simulators have enjoyed increasing popularity despite costs that may approach six figures. This is justified on the basis that simulators have been shown to result in large learning gains that may transfer to actual patient care situations. However, most commonly, learning from a simulator is compared with learning in a ‘no‐intervention’ control group. This fails to clarify the relationship between simulator fidelity and learning, and whether comparable gains might be achieved at substantially lower cost. Objectives This analysis was conducted to review studies that compare learning from high‐fidelity simulation (HFS) with learning from low‐fidelity simulation (LFS) based on measures of clinical performance. Methods Using a variety of search strategies, a total of 24 studies contrasting HFS and LFS and including some measure of performance were located. These studies referred to learning in three areas: auscultation skills; surgical techniques, and complex management skills such as cardiac resuscitation. Results Both HFS and LFS learning resulted in consistent improvements in performance in comparisons with no‐intervention control groups. However, nearly all the studies showed no significant advantage of HFS over LFS, with average differences ranging from 1% to 2%. Discussion The factors influencing learning, and the reasons for this surprising finding, are discussed.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1111/j.1365-2923.2012.04243.x

Cites

35 of 35 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 35 references

Cited by

See all 591

Metadata

Authors
Norman, G., Dore, K., & Grierson, L.
Venue
Medical Education
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2012-05-23
Volume
46
Issue
7
Pages
636-647
ISSN
  • 0308-0110 (ISSN-L)
  • 1365-2923
OpenAlex
W1687253533
Cited by
591
References
35
FWCI
21.32
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The minimal relationship between simulation fidelity and transfer of learning. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1111/j.1365-2923.2012.04243.x
The paper
Norman, G., Dore, K., & Grierson, L. (2012). The minimal relationship between simulation fidelity and transfer of learning. Medical Education. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2923.2012.04243.x

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.