Suceptibility to Erysiphe graminis f.sp tritici and Phenolic Acid Content of Wheat as Influenced by Different Levels of Nitrogen Fertilization
Abstract
Pustule formation and conidia production of Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici were examined on wheat plants (Triticum aestivum) supplied with different amounts of nitrate in hydroponic culture. On first and fifth leaves of the cultivar Nandu inoculated with an incompatible race of powdery mildew, hypersensitive, specific resistance was not modified by nitrogen nutrition. On primary leaves of the compatible cultivar Syros. pustule numbers and conidia production were not altered by nitrogen supply. On fifth leaves of this cultivar. high nitrogen supply to the plants increased pustule numbers and sporulation per unit leaf area, compared lo a low disease intensity at low nitrogen level. Individual hydroxycinnamic acids (HCAs) were determined by HPLC in extracts from wheat plants cultivated at different levels of nitrogen. Ferulic acid, the predominant phenolic acid as well as p‐coumaric acid were detected in primary and fifth leaves in both unbound and bound forms. In primary leaves, nitrogen supply did not modify HCA concentration. Levels of bound and unbound HCAs in fifth leaves decreased greatly when nitrogen supply increased. In response to infection with a compatible race of powdery mildew, levels of bound and unbound HCAs slightly increased in leaves of the cv. Syros grown with low and medium nitrogen supply. Infection of the incompatible cv. Nandu with the same race led lo HCA accumulation, irrespective of nitrogen supply to the wheat plant. In primary and fifth leaves less than 5% of total alkali‐soluble unbound HCAs were unconjugated or present in glycosides. At low nitrogen supply, bound and unbound HCAs are likely involved in quantitative resistance of wheat to powdery mildew. Zusammenfassung: Aniälligkeit gegenüber Erysiphe graminis f.sp tritici und Gehalt an Phenolsäuren von Weizen unter dem Einfluß unterschiedlicher Stickstoffdüngung Pustelbildung und Konidienproduktion von Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici wurden an Weizenpflanzen (Triticum aestivum) mit unterschiedlicher Nitratversorgung in Hydrokultur überprüft. An den ersten und fünften Blättern der Sorte Nandu wurde nach Inokulation mit einer imkompatiblen Mehltaurasse die hypersensitive, spezifische Resistenz durch die N‐Düngung nicht verändert. Auf Primärblättern der kompatiblen Sorte Syros wurden Pustelzahl und Konidienbildung nicht durch die N‐Versorgung beeinflußt. Auf den fünften Blättern dieser Sorte führten die höheren N‐Stufen zu einer höheren Pustelzahl und Konidienproduktion. verglichen mit einer geringeren Infektionsintensität bei geringer N‐Versorgung. Einzelne Hydroxyzimtsäuren (HCAs) wurden mit Hilfe der HPLC in Extrakten aus Weizenpflanzen. kultiviert bei unterschiedlicher N‐Versorgung. bestimmt. Ferulasäure. die dominierende Phenolsäure. sowie p‐Cumarsäure wurden in den ersten und fünften Blättern sowohl in ungebundener als auch in gebundener Form nachgewiesen. In den Primärblättern beeinflußte die N‐Versorgung die HCA‐Konzentration nicht. In den fünften Blättern wurden ungebundene und gebundene HCAs bei höherer N‐Versorgung stark vermindert. Nach Infektion mit einer kompatiblen Mehltaurasse nahm die Konzentration von ungebundenen und gebundenen HCAs in der Sorte Syros bei geringer und mittlerer N‐Versorgung zu. Infektion der inkompatiblen Sorte Nandu mil derselben Rasse führte unabhüngig von der N‐Stufe zu einer deutlichen HCA‐Anreicherung. In den ersten und fünften Blättern lagen weniger als 5% der gesamten. alkali‐lösli‐chen. ungebundenen HCAs nicht konjugiert oder in Glycosiden vor. Ungebundene und gebundene HCAs oder Phenolsäuren spielen offenbar eine Rolle bei einer quantitativen Resistenz von Weizen gegenüber Mehltau. die bei einer geringen N‐Versorgung ausgeprägt wird.
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There is increasing evidence that differences in fertilisation regimens between organic and conventional production systems are significant drivers for higher (poly)phenolic concentrations in organic crops.
“In contrast, there is increasing evidence that differences in fertilisation regimens between organic and conventional production systems (and, in particular, the non-use of high mineral N fertiliser inputs) are significant drivers for higher (poly)phenolic concentrations in organic crops( 20 , 49 – 52 ).”
Both genetic and environmental/agronomic factors are known to affect the concentrations of N, [nitrate/nitrite], proteins, sugars, antioxidants/(poly)phenolics, Cd and pesticides in crops.
“This is not surprising as both genetic and environmental/agronomic factors are known to affect the concentrations of N, , , proteins, sugars, antioxidants/(poly)phenolics, Cd and pesticides in crops( 7 , 9 – 12 , 20 , 47 – 52 , 62 ).”
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Barański, M., Średnicka-Tober, D., Volakakis, N., Seal, C., Sanderson, R., Stewart, G. B., Benbrook, C., Biavati, B., Markellou, E., Giotis, C., et al. (2014) · British Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114514001366 · Cited by 684 · see citing works
- Authors
- Sander, J. ‐., & Heitefuss, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Göttingen (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Heitefuss, R.
- Venue
- Journal of Phytopathology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1998-10
- Volume
- 146
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 495-507
- ISSN
- 0931-1785 (ISSN-L)
- 1439-0434
- OpenAlex
- W2073957516
- Cited by
- 49
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 0.49
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Phytopathology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Powdery Mildew Fungal Diseases
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
- Keywords
- Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici, powdery mildew, wheat, nitrogen fertilization, phenolic acids, hydroxycinnamic acids, ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, quantitative disease resistance, hypersensitive response, conidiation, pustule formation, hydroponics
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