The DOI matches its Crossref record; 76 of the 76 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Late evening snack: Exploiting a period of anabolic opportunity in cirrhosis
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Cirrhosis is a state of accelerated starvation with impaired protein synthesis. Increased rate of gluconeogenesis and alterations in skeletal muscle signaling pathways result in anabolic resistance and consequent loss of muscle mass or sarcopenia in cirrhosis. Late evening snack (LES) is an intervention to reduce the postabsorptive (fasting) phase with the potential to improve substrate utilization and reverse sarcopenia. Published reports were evaluated to examine the effect of LES on regulation of substrate utilization (short-term studies) and nutritional outcomes (long-term studies). METHODS: PubMed, EMBASE, Google scholar and OVID databases were searched. All studies published on LES in cirrhosis were included. Studies that included few (n < 3) subjects and patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were excluded. RESULTS: Late evening snack decreased lipid oxidation and improved nitrogen balance, irrespective of the composition or type of formulation used. Daytime isocaloric isonitrogenous snacks did not have the metabolic or clinical benefit of LES. LES decreased skeletal muscle proteolysis. No studies have examined its effect on muscle protein synthesis. There was inconsistent translation into an increase in lean body or skeletal muscle mass. Improved quality of life occurs but decreased mortality or need for transplantation has not been reported. The optimal composition of LES has not been defined, but based on mechanistic considerations, a branched chain supplemented LES holds most promise. CONCLUSIONS: Late evening snack holds the most promise as an intervention to reverse anabolic resistance and sarcopenia of cirrhosis with improved quality of life in patients with cirrhosis. Long term benefit and improved survival need critical evaluation.
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“Alateevening snack containing complex carbohydrates and protein reduces lipid oxidation, improves nitrogen balance, reduces skeletal muscle proteolysis, increases muscle mass, reduces hepatic encephalopathy and improves quality of life.”
From EASL-EASD-EASO Clinical Practice Guidelines on the management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). (2024) · cites this paper as [458]
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Tacke, F., Horn, P., Wai-Sun Wong, V., Ratziu, V., Bugianesi, E., Francque, S., Zelber-Sagi, S., Valenti, L., Roden, M., Schick, F., et al. (2024) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2024.04.031 · Cited by 2,210
Vilstrup, H., Amodio, P., Bajaj, J. S., Córdoba, J., Ferenci, P., Mullen, K. D., Weißenborn, K., & Wong, P. Y. N. (2014) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.27210 · Cited by 2,065
EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on nutrition in chronic liver disease
Merli, M., Berzigotti, A., Zelber-Sagi, S., Dasarathy, S., Montagnese, S., Genton, L., Plauth, M., & Parés, A. (2019) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2018.06.024 · Cited by 1,130
Lai, J. C., Tandon, P., Bernal, W., Tapper, E. B., Ekong, U., Dasarathy, S., & Carey, E. J. (2021) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.32049 · Cited by 742
ESPEN guideline on clinical nutrition in liver disease
Plauth, M., Bernal, W., Dasarathy, S., Merli, M., Plank, L. D., Schütz, T., & Bischoff, S. C. (2019) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2018.12.022 · Cited by 674
Metadata
- Authors
- Tsien, C. D., McCullough, A. J., & Dasarathy, S.
- Affiliations
- Cleveland Clinic (US)
- Corresponding author
- Dasarathy, Srinivasan
- Venue
- Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-02-21
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 430-441
- ISSN
- 0815-9319 (ISSN-L)
- 1440-1746
- OpenAlex
- W1882094537
- Cited by
- 252
- References
- 75
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 0.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Keywords
- liver cirrhosis, sarcopenia, anabolic resistance, nitrogen balance, lipid oxidation, skeletal muscle proteolysis, branched-chain amino acids, substrate utilization, dietary intervention, quality of life
- MeSH terms
- Eating, Food, Humans, Liver Cirrhosis, Quality of Life, Time Factors, Dietary Supplements, Sarcopenia
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