Association Between Polymorphisms in the Dopamine Transporter Gene and Depression: Evidence for a Gene-Environment Interaction in a Sample of Juvenile Detainees
Abstract
Previous research has generated examples of how genetic and environmental factors can interact to create risk for psychopathology. Using a gene-by-environment (G x E) interaction design, we tested whether three polymorphisms in the dopamine transporter gene (DAT1, also referred to as SLC6A3, located at 5p15.33) interacted with maternal parenting style to predict first-onset episodes of depression. Participants were male adolescents (N= 176) recruited from a juvenile detention center in northern Russia. As hypothesized, one of the polymorphisms (rs40184) moderated the effect of perceived maternal rejection on the onset of major depressive disorder, as well as on suicidal ideation. Further, this G x E interaction was specific to depression; it did not predict clinically significant anxiety. These results highlight the need for further research investigating the moderating effects of dopaminergic genes on depression.
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The DAT1 × maternal rejection effect was specific to depression and did not predict anxiety symptoms.
“This effect was specific to depression and did not predict anxiety symptoms.”
From Gene–environment interactions: early life stress and risk for depressive and anxiety disorders (2011) · cites this paper as Haeffel et al. 2008
In a study of 176 male juvenile detainees, the dopamine transporter gene (DAT1) interacted with reported maternal rejection in predicting both depression and suicidal ideation.
“In a study of 176 male juvenile detainees, the dopamine transporter gene (DAT1) interacted with reported maternal rejection in predicting both depression and suicidal ideation (Haeffel et al. 2008).”
From Gene–environment interactions: early life stress and risk for depressive and anxiety disorders (2011) · cites this paper as Haeffel et al. 2008
SNPs of DAT1 gene increase risk of MDD.
“together with evidence that SNPs of dopamine transporter-1 gene increased risk of MDD[34, 35]”
From Predictors of recurrence of major depressive disorder (2020) · cites this paper as [35]
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References 43 · Cited by 96
- Authors
- Haeffel, G. J., Getchell, M., Koposov, R. A., Yrigollen, C. M., De Young, C. G., Klinteberg, B. A., Oreland, L., Ruchkin, V. V., & Grigorenko, E. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Notre Dame (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- UiT The Arctic University of Norway (NO)
- Yale University (US)
- Yale University, Sater, Sweden
- Stockholm University (SE)
- Uppsala University (SE)
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Lomonosov Moscow State University (RU)
- Corresponding author
- Haeffel, Gerald J.
- Grigorenko, Elena L.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Psychological Science
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2008-01
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 62-69
- ISSN
- 0956-7976 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-9280
- OpenAlex
- W2134417779
- Cited by
- 96
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 4.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Keywords
- dopamine transporter gene, dopamine transporter, DAT1 polymorphism, gene-environment interaction, depression, adolescent depression, maternal parenting style, suicidal ideation, anxiety, juvenile offenders
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5, Depressive Disorder, Humans, Juvenile Delinquency, Male, Mother-Child Relations, Prisoners, Rejection, Psychology, Risk Factors, Social Environment, Statistics as Topic, Gene Expression, Odds Ratio, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
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