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L2 in a Nutshell: The Investigation of Second Language Processing in the Miniature Language Model
Abstract
The present chapter bridges two lines of neurocognitive research, which are, despite being related, usually discussed separately from each other. The two fields, second language (L2) sentence comprehension and artificial grammar processing, both depend on the successful learning of complex sequential structures. The comparison of the two research directions will be taken as the starting point for the attempt to study L2 sentence comprehension using a miniature language model. The experiments that will be presented made use of the event‐related potential (ERP) method, which provides a sensitive tool for the fast and multidimensional processes that characterize online processing of sequential structures.The first part of the article provides an overview of ERP studies on first and second language sentence comprehension and compares these to findings from the field of artificial grammar processing. In the second part, two studies in which native and nonnative sentence processing in the model of a miniature version of Japanese was investigated is presented. The findings of these studies suggest that miniature languages can serve as useful tools for capturing the impressive degree of plasticity as well as certain limitations in language comprehension mechanisms applied by learners.
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“The language thus preserves an appropriate level of complexity and naturalness in its system while at the same time allowing L2 learners to be trained to advanced proficiency within a relatively brief period.”
From Testing the three-stage model of second language skill acquisition (2025) · cites this paper as Mueller, 2006
In the citing paper
“The researchers showed that grammatical and semantic violations in Mini-Nihongo elicit event-related potential signatures that are identical to those that L1 speakers show when comprehending Japanese.”
From Testing the three-stage model of second language skill acquisition (2025) · cites this paper as Mueller, 2006
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Temporal dynamics of late second language acquisition: evidence from event-related brain potentials
Steinhauer, K., White, E. J., & Drury, J. E. (2009) · Second Language Research · doi:10.1177/0267658308098995 · Cited by 203
Testing the three-stage model of second language skill acquisition
Maie, R., & Godfroid, A. (2025) · Studies in Second Language Acquisition · doi:10.1017/s027226312500021x · Cited by 11
“We used a miniature version of Japanese, called Mini-Nihongo [Mini-Japanese], originally developed by Mueller and colleagues (see Mueller, 2006, for a review).”
Metadata
- Authors
- Mueller, J. L.
- Affiliations
- Max Planck Society (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Mueller, Jutta L.
- ORCID
- Mueller, Jutta L.
- Venue
- Language Learning
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2006-07
- Volume
- 56
- Issue
- s1
- Pages
- 235-270
- ISSN
- 0023-8333 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-9922
- OpenAlex
- W1567857349
- Cited by
- 32
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Language Learning (publishedVersion)
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (submittedVersion)
- Max Planck Digital Library (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Language and Linguistics › EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Second Language Acquisition and Learning
- Keywords
- event-related potentials, Japanese as a second language, second language acquisition
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