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Cited by 426

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Promises, Threats and Fairness

Open access
Ellingsen, Tore, Johannesson, Magnus·2004·The Economic Journal
DOI 10.1111/j.1468-0297.2004.00214.x
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Abstract

We present experimental evidence that promises and threats mitigate the hold‐up problem. While investors rely as much on their own threats as on their trading partner's promises, the latter are more credible. Building on recent work in psychology and behavioural economics, we then present a simple model within which agents are concerned about both fairness and consistency. The model can account for several of our experimental findings. Its most striking implication is that fairmindedness strengthens the credibility of promises to behave fairly, but weakens the credibility of threats to punish unfair behaviour.

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Metadata

Authors
Ellingsen, T., & Johannesson, M.
Venue
The Economic Journal
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2004-04-01
Volume
114
Issue
495
Pages
397-420
ISSN
  • 0013-0133 (ISSN-L)
  • 1468-0297
DOI
10.1111/j.1468-0297.2004.00214.x
OpenAlex
W2152695373
Cited by
426
References
4
FWCI
30.89
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Promises, Threats and Fairness. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2004.00214.x
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Ellingsen, T., & Johannesson, M. (2004). Promises, Threats and Fairness. The Economic Journal. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0297.2004.00214.x

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.