The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Injuries to jackass penguins (Spheniscus demersus): evidence for shark involvement
Abstract
An analysis is presented of records of injuries and the types of injuries to jackass penguins in Algoa Bay, South Africa, over a 10‐year‐period. Sharks are implicated in causing most of the injuries, but other possible agents are discussed. The types of injuries were categorized and compared to the dentition of sharks known to occur in the area. Using a life‐size model of a jackass penguin and preserved jaws of sharks, bites were simulated to establish the types of injury inflicted by different species. Certain injuries indicate attack by great white sharks, while others cannot be ascribed to any particular species. Most shark injuries show single jaw involvement, and range from small cuts across the feathers to the bird being cut in two. Sharks accounted for the highest number of identifiable natural causes of death, but the significance of shark attack as a mortality factor in jackass penguins is difficult to assess.
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“Since predators of the wild adult African 144 Penguin are mostly aquatic animals such as the great white shark (Carcharodon carcharias) 145 (Randall B.M., Randall R.M., & Compagno, 1988;Johnson, Venter, Bester, & Oosthuizen, 146 2006) and the Cape fur seal (Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus) (du Toit, Barlett, Bester, & Roux, 147 2004;Johnson et al., 2006)”
From Pond Use by Captive African Penguins (Spheniscus demersus) in an Immersive Exhibit Adjacent to Human Bathers (2015) · cites this paper as Randall B.M., Randall R.M., & Compagno, 1988
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No references could be resolved yet.
Research works printed but not linked: 9
- Ainley D. G., 1985, Dynamics of white shark/pinniped interactions in the Gulf of the Farallones, Mem. sth Calif. Acad. Sci., 9, 109
- Ames J. A., 1980, Evidence of white shark, Carcharodon carcharias, attacks on sea otters, Enhydra lutris. Calif. Fish Game, 66, 196
- Boersma P. D., 1976, An ecological and behavioural study of the Galapagos penguin, Living Bird, 15, 43
- Compagno L. J. V., 1984, FAO species catalogue. 4. Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date, FAO Fish. Synop., 4, 251
- Cooper J., 1974, The predators of the jackass penguin, Bull. Br. Orn. Club, 94, 21
- McCosker J. E., 1985, White shark attack behaviour: observations of and speculations about predator and prey strategies, Mem. sth Calif. Acad. Sci., 9, 123
- Müller‐Schwarze D., 1984, The behavior of penguins adapted to ice and tropics
- Randall R. M.(1983).Biology of the jackass penguinSpheniscus demersus (L.) at St. Croix Island South Africa. Unpubl.PhD thesis University of Port Elizabeth.
- 10.1111/j.1474-919X.1965.tb07279.x · DOI
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Ozella, L., Favaro, L., Carnovale, I., & Pessani, D. (2015) · Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science · doi:10.1080/10888705.2014.977384 · Cited by 24
Snyman, A., Purves, A., Kock, A., Mashau, M. H., Rodgers, F., & Ludynia, K. (2025) · Ostrich · doi:10.2989/00306525.2025.2510461
Metadata
- Authors
- Randall, B. M., Randall, R. M., & Compagno, L. J. V.
- ORCID
- Randall, R. M.
- Venue
- Journal of Zoology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1988-04
- Volume
- 214
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 589-599
- ISSN
- 0952-8369 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-7998
- OpenAlex
- W1987788751
- Cited by
- 30
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 1.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Zoology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Nature and Landscape Conservation › Ichthyology and Marine Biology
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Marine animal studies overview
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Ecology › Avian ecology and behavior
- Keywords
- jackass penguin, Spheniscus demersus, shark attacks, Carcharodon carcharias, shark dentition, natural mortality, Algoa Bay, predator-prey interactions
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