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Choice and birth method: mixed‐method study of caesarean delivery for maternal request
Abstract
Objective To explore whether women view decision‐making surrounding vaginal or caesarean birth as their choice. Design Longitudinal cohort study utilising quantitative (questionnaire, routinely collected data) and qualitative (in‐depth interviews) methods simultaneously. Setting A large hospital providing National Health Service maternity care in the UK. Sample Four‐hundred and fifty‐four primigravid women. Methods Women completed up to three questionnaires between their antenatal booking appointment and delivery. Amongst these women, 153 were interviewed at least once during pregnancy (between 24 and 36 weeks) and/or after 12 moths after birth. Data were also obtained from women’s hospital delivery records. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed (survey and delivery data). Interview data were analysed using a seven‐stage sequential form of qualitative analysis. Results Whilst many women supported the principle of choice, they identified how, in practice their autonomy was limited by individual circumstance and available care provision. All women felt that concerns about their baby’s or their own health should take precedence over personal preference. Moreover, expressing a preference for either vaginal or caesarean birth was inherently problematic as choice until the time of delivery was neither static nor final. Women did not have autonomous choice over their actual birth method, but neither did they necessarily want it. Conclusions The results of this large exploratory study suggest that choice may not be the best concept through which to approach the current arrangements for birth in the UK. Moreover, they challenge the notion of choice that currently prevails in international debates about caesarean delivery for maternal request.
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“Additionally, cultural beliefs, values and traditions can substantially influence attitudes towards delivery methods and subsequent decision-making.25”
From Determinants of the choice of delivery mode in pregnant women: a convergent parallel mixed-methods study protocol (2026) · cites this paper as [25]
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“25 Finally, economic factors may play a decisive role in delivery mode selection.”
What Should Be Discussed When Considering a Vaginal Birth? A Delphi Consensus Study
Demetri, A., Davies, A. K., Bakhbakhi, D., Hunt, A., Ijaz, S., McGuinness, S., Beasor, G., Clayton, G., Bradley, V., Bunni, E., et al. (2025) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/1471-0528.70071 · Cited by 3
Self-citationDowne, S. M., Kingdon, C., & Heazell, A. E. P. (2012) · Cited by 1
Self-citationBilgiç, D., PINAR, Ş. E., Dağlar, G., & Cesur, B. (2018) · Clinical Nursing Studies · doi:10.5430/cns.v7n1p98 · Cited by 1
Mantovani, A. C., Mergh, L. S., de Oliveira, D. M., Ribeiro, S. E. C., & Ribeiro, C. C. (2020) · Editora Poisson eBooks · doi:10.36229/978-85-7042-209-5.cap.14 · Cited by 1
Haines, H. M. (2012) · Uppsala University Publications (Uppsala University) · Cited by 1
Ledward, A. (2017) · Figshare · Cited by 1
A Question of Birthing Philosophy:A Qualitative Study of Maternity Care Decision-Making Paradigms
Felman, K. L. (2011) · D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)
HOW DO BLACK NULLIPAROUS WOMEN COGNITIVELY CONSTRUCT BIRTH
Moore, M. (2014) · Digital Commons-TMC (Texas Medical Center)
Metadata
- Authors
- Kingdon, C., Neilson, J., Singleton, V, Gyte, G., Hart, A., Gabbay, M., & Lavender, T.
- Affiliations
- University of Lancashire (GB)
- University of Liverpool (GB)
- Lancaster University (GB)
- University of Manchester (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Kingdon, C
- Venue
- BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-05-11
- Volume
- 116
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 886-895
- ISSN
- 0306-5456 (ISSN-L)
- 1470-0328
- 1471-0528
- OpenAlex
- W2102302915
- Cited by
- 136
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 13.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (publishedVersion)
- CLOK (University of Central Lancashire) (acceptedVersion)
- Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute for Health and Care Research
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Health and Contraception
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Ethics and bioethics in healthcare
- Keywords
- birth choice, vaginal delivery, maternal autonomy, primigravida, women's preferences, obstetric decision-making, cesarean section rate
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Cesarean Section, Choice Behavior, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Parity, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Trimester, Second, Pregnancy Trimester, Third, Surveys and Questionnaires, Patient Satisfaction, Personal Autonomy, Delivery, Obstetric, Young Adult
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