The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
POVERTY, TNEQUALTTY, AND FAMTLY LIVING STANDARDS IMPACTS ACROSS SEVEN NATIONS: THE EFFECT OF NONCASH SUBSIDIES FOR HEALTH, EDUCATION AND HOUSING
Abstract
The main aim of this paper has been to summarize the impact of noncash income–health and health education benefits, and imputed rent‐on living standards, income distribution and poverty in seven nations at the beginning of the 1980s using the Luxembourg Income Study database. Our results do not give rise to a pattern of national differences in poverty rates or income inequality which are markedly different from that which emerges from previous LIS research based on cash income alone. While these results may be sensitive to the techniques used to measure and value noncash benefits in this paper, it appears that noncash income reinforces the redistributive impact or conventional (cash) tax‐transfer mechanisms rather than acting to offset them in any major way.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Buhmann, B., Rainwater, L., Schmaus, G., & Smeeding, T. M. (1988) · Review of Income and Wealth · doi:10.1111/j.1475-4991.1988.tb00564.x · Cited by 1,200
Self-citationJackson, D., & Atkinson, A. B. (1976) · The Economic Journal · doi:10.2307/2230967 · Cited by 629
Children and the elderly: Divergent paths for America’s dependents
Preston, S. H. (1984) · Demography · doi:10.2307/2060909 · Cited by 565
INCOME DISTRIBUTION AND REDISTRIBUTION: A MICRODATA ANALYSIS FOR SEVEN COUNTRIES
O'Higgins, M., Schmaus, G., & Stephenson, G. (1989) · Review of Income and Wealth · doi:10.1111/j.1475-4991.1989.tb00585.x · Cited by 105
Poverty, Inequality and Income Distribution in Comparative Perspective: The Luxembourg Income Study.
Coulter, F. A. E., Smeeding, T. M., O’Higgins, M., & Rainwater, L. (1991) · The Economic Journal · doi:10.2307/2233877 · Cited by 79
Self-citationWhy the U.S. Antipoverty System Doesn’t Work Very Well
Smeeding, T. M. (1992) · Challenge · doi:10.1080/05775132.1992.11471559 · Cited by 33
Self-citation
Cited by
The paradox of the social investment state: growth, employment and poverty in the Lisbon era
Cantillon, B. (2011) · Journal of European Social Policy · doi:10.1177/0958928711418856 · Cited by 468
Introduction: Income distribution and economics
Atkinson, A. B., & Bourguignon, F. (2000) · Handbook of Income Distribution · doi:10.1016/s1574-0056(00)80003-2 · Cited by 264
Rethinking the Sociological Measurement of Poverty
Brady, D. (2003) · Social Forces · doi:10.1353/sof.2003.0025 · Cited by 255
Metadata
- Authors
- Smeeding, T. M., Saunders, P., Coder, J., Jenkins, S., Fritzell, J., Hagenaars, A. J. M., Hauser, R., & Wolfson, M.
- Venue
- Review of Income and Wealth
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1993-09
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 229-256
- ISSN
- 0034-6586 (ISSN-L)
- 1475-4991
- OpenAlex
- W2022199004
- Cited by
- 279
- References
- 6
- FWCI
- 18.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: POVERTY, TNEQUALTTY, AND FAMTLY LIVING STANDARDS IMPACTS ACROSS SEVEN NATIONS: THE EFFECT OF NONCASH SUBSIDIES FOR HEALTH, EDUCATION AND HOUSING. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1111/j.1475-4991.1993.tb00458.x
- The paper
- Smeeding, T. M., Saunders, P., Coder, J., Jenkins, S., Fritzell, J., Hagenaars, A. J. M., Hauser, R., & Wolfson, M. (1993). POVERTY, TNEQUALTTY, AND FAMTLY LIVING STANDARDS IMPACTS ACROSS SEVEN NATIONS: THE EFFECT OF NONCASH SUBSIDIES FOR HEALTH, EDUCATION AND HOUSING. Review of Income and Wealth. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4991.1993.tb00458.x
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
