Development and Validation of the Congestion Quantifier Seven-Item Test (CQ7): A Screening Tool for Nasal Congestion
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Objective This study aimed to develop and validate a short, simple, patient-completed instrument for identifying patients with congestion in a 15-day study. Allergic rhinitis (AR) is the most common allergic condition worldwide, with congestion as one of the most salient symptoms. Nevertheless, there is no short screening tool designed specifically to identify congestion that can help patients make decisions about seeking treatment. Methods Patients (N = 354) received a clinical exam to confirm congestion and assess its possible causes including confirmation of AR. They completed the 13-item draft of the Congestion Quantifier (CQ) and five additional patient-reported outcome instruments. Results The 13-item draft CQ was reduced to a seven-item version, the CQ7. Internal consistency reliability was 0.93; test-retest reliability = 0.85. Construct validity was demonstrated by significant correlations with the Medical Outcomes Study Sleep Scale, the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire-Allergy Specific, and the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Scale Fatigue subscale (r = 0.23-0.67). The CQ7 can discriminate between controls and patients (AUC > 0.9). Moreover, it can discriminate between different levels of severity of symptoms of AR. A score of 7 provided optimum balance of sensitivity (91%), specificity (86%), and correct classification (90%) for detecting congestion. Conclusion The CQ7 is reliable, valid, and responsive to differences in severity of nasal…
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In the initial validation study, a CQ7 score above 7 best identifies patients who require treatment.
“In the initial validation study, it was estimated that a score above 7 is the one that best identifies patients who require treatment.”
From Position Paper on Nasal Obstruction: Evaluation and Treatment (2018) · cites this paper as [24]
The CQ7 tool was designed to identify patients with nasal congestion and displays good psychometric characteristics and the ability to discriminate between different levels of severity of allergic rhinitis symptoms.
“This tool was designed to identify patients with nasal congestion and displays good psychometric characteristics and the ability to discriminate between different levels of severity of AR symptoms [24].”
From Position Paper on Nasal Obstruction: Evaluation and Treatment (2018) · cites this paper as [24]
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- Authors
- Stull, D. E., Krouse, J., Meltzer, E. O., Roberts, L., Kim, S., Frank, L., Naclerio, R., Lund, V., & Long, A.
- Affiliations
- Wayne State University (US)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- University of Chicago (US)
- University College London (GB)
- Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Stull, Donald E.
- Venue
- Value in Health
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2007-11
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 457-465
- ISSN
- 1098-3015 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1973067012
- Cited by
- 23
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2016: 2 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 1.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Value in Health (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Immunology and Allergy › Allergic Rhinitis and Sensitization
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Nasal Surgery and Airway Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Asthma and respiratory diseases
- Keywords
- nasal congestion, allergic rhinitis, screening tool, patient-reported outcomes, symptom severity, fatigue, sleep disorders, labor productivity, questionnaire development, psychometric validation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Female, Humans, Male, Mass Screening, Middle Aged, Rhinitis, Sensitivity and Specificity, Severity of Illness Index, Reproducibility of Results, Nasal Obstruction, Case-Control Studies
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