The DOI matches its Crossref record; 45 of the 45 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
An Empirical Investigation of the Arbitrage Pricing Theory
Abstract
Empirical tests are reported for Ross' [48] arbitrage theory of asset pricing. Using data for individual equities during the 1962–72 period, at least three and probably four priced factors are found in the generating process of returns. The theory is supported in that estimated expected returns depend on estimated factor loadings, and variables such as the own standard deviation, though highly correlated (simply) with estimated expected returns, do not add any further explanatory power to that of the factor loadings.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
CAPITAL ASSET PRICES: A THEORY OF MARKET EQUILIBRIUM UNDER CONDITIONS OF RISK*
Sharpe, W. F. (1964) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6261.1964.tb02865.x · Cited by 19,441
EFFICIENT CAPITAL MARKETS: A REVIEW OF THEORY AND EMPIRICAL WORK*
Malkiel, B. G., & Fama, E. F. (1970) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6261.1970.tb00518.x · Cited by 15,699
Risk, Return, and Equilibrium: Empirical Tests
Fama, E. F., & MacBeth, J. D. (1973) · Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1086/260061 · Cited by 14,258
Efficient capital markets: A review of theory and empirical work
Fama, E. F. (1970) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.2307/2325486 · Cited by 13,635
The Behavior of Stock-Market Prices
Fama, E. F. (1965) · The Journal of Business · doi:10.1086/294743 · Cited by 8,664
A Reliability Coefficient for Maximum Likelihood Factor Analysis
Tucker, L. R., & Lewis, C. (1973) · Psychometrika · doi:10.1007/bf02291170 · Cited by 7,330
The arbitrage theory of capital asset pricing
Ross, S. A. (1976) · Journal of Economic Theory · doi:10.1016/0022-0531(76)90046-6 · Cited by 7,009
Self-citationLintner, J. (1965) · The Review of Economics and Statistics · doi:10.2307/1924119 · Cited by 6,877
Lintner, J. (1975) · Stochastic Optimization Models in Finance · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-780850-5.50018-6 · Cited by 6,743
An Intertemporal Capital Asset Pricing Model
Merton, R. C. (1973) · Econometrica · doi:10.2307/1913811 · Cited by 6,508
Cited by
The Determinants of Capital Structure Choice
TITMAN, S., & WESSELS, R. (1988) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6261.1988.tb02585.x · Cited by 6,112
FAMA, E. F. (1991) · The Journal of Finance · doi:10.1111/j.1540-6261.1991.tb04636.x · Cited by 5,350
Measuring security price performance
Brown, S. J., & Warner, J. B. (1980) · Journal of Financial Economics · doi:10.1016/0304-405x(80)90002-1 · Cited by 3,324
An Engine, Not a Camera: How Financial Models Shape Markets
MacKenzie, D. (2006) · doi:10.7551/mitpress/9780262134606.001.0001 · Cited by 1,766
Ledoit, O., & Wolf, M. (2003) · Journal of Empirical Finance · doi:10.1016/s0927-5398(03)00007-0 · Cited by 1,627
Metadata
- Authors
- ROLL, R., & ROSS, S. A.
- Venue
- The Journal of Finance
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1980-12
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1073-1103
- ISSN
- 0022-1082 (ISSN-L)
- 1540-6261
- OpenAlex
- W2120087808
- Cited by
- 1,248
- References
- 45
- FWCI
- 39.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: An Empirical Investigation of the Arbitrage Pricing Theory. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1980.tb02197.x
- The paper
- ROLL, R., & ROSS, S. A. (1980). An Empirical Investigation of the Arbitrage Pricing Theory. The Journal of Finance. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6261.1980.tb02197.x
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.