The DOI matches its Crossref record; 77 of the 77 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Early Education for Spatial Intelligence: Why, What, and How
Open accessAbstract
Spatial representation and thinking have evolutionary importance for any mobile organism. In addition, they help reasoning in domains that are not obviously spatial, for example, through the use of graphs and diagrams. This article reviews the literature suggesting that mental spatial transformation abilities, while present in some precursory form in infants, toddlers, and preschool children, also undergo considerable development and show important individual differences, which are malleable. These findings provide the basis for thinking about how to promote spatial thinking in preschools, at home, and in children's play. Integrating spatial content into formal and informal instruction could not only improve spatial functioning in general but also reduce differences related to gender and socioeconomic status that may impede full participation in a technological society.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences
Klitgaard, R., & Gardner, H. (1984) · Journal of Policy Analysis and Management · doi:10.2307/3324560 · Cited by 13,636
Mental Rotation of Three-Dimensional Objects
Shepard, R. N., & Metzler, J. (1971) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.171.3972.701 · Cited by 6,246
Human Cognitive Abilities: A Survey of Factor-Analytic Studies
Carroll, J. B. (1993) · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511571312 · Cited by 4,121
Skill formation and the economics of investing in disadvantaged children
Heckman, J. J. (2006) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1128898 · Cited by 3,559
Human cognitive abilities a survey of factor-analytic studies
Carroll, J. B. (2004) · Cited by 3,394
The Child's Conception of Space
Lawrence, E., Piaget, J., Inhelder, B., Langdon, F. J., & Lunzer, J. L. (1957) · British Journal of Educational Studies · doi:10.2307/3118882 · Cited by 3,213
Image And Brain: The Resolution of the Imagery Debate
Kosslyn, S. M. (1994) · doi:10.7551/mitpress/3653.001.0001 · Cited by 1,977
Wai, J., Lubinski, D., & Benbow, C. P. (2009) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0016127 · Cited by 1,846
Kane, M. J., Hambrick, D. Z., Tuholski, S. W., Wilhelm, O., Payne, T. W., & Engle, R. W. (2004) · Journal of Experimental Psychology: General · doi:10.1037/0096-3445.133.2.189 · Cited by 1,679
McGrew, K. S. (2009) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2008.08.004 · Cited by 1,354
Cited by
Reilly, D., Neumann, D. L., & Andrews, G. (2015) · Journal of Educational Psychology · doi:10.1037/edu0000012 · Cited by 209
Content analysis of 4 to 8 year-old children's dream reports
Sándor, P., Szakadát, S., Kertész, K., & Bódizs, R. (2015) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00534 · Cited by 19
Metadata
- Authors
- Newcombe, N. S., & Frick, A.
- Venue
- Mind, Brain, and Education
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2010-08-05
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 102-111
- ISSN
- 1751-2271 (ISSN-L)
- 1751-228X
- OpenAlex
- W2101414031
- Cited by
- 305
- References
- 77
- FWCI
- 18.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Early Education for Spatial Intelligence: Why, What, and How. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1111/j.1751-228x.2010.01089.x
- The paper
- Newcombe, N. S., & Frick, A. (2010). Early Education for Spatial Intelligence: Why, What, and How. Mind, Brain, and Education. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-228x.2010.01089.x
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
