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OCULAR SURFACE DRYING AND TEAR FILM OSMOLARITY IN THYROID EYE DISEASE
Abstract
Five factors potentially associated with corneal exposure ‐ palpebral fissure width, exophthalmos, blink rate, lagophthalmos, and lid lag ‐ were evaluated in 17 patients with Graves' disease to determine which were associated with ocular surface damage. Multiple regression analysis revealed that increased palpebral fissure width and increased blink rate were both significant predictors of ocular surface damage (as measured by rose Bengal staining). Tear osmolarity and tear film break‐up time were measured to determine the type of drying mechanism involved in thyroid eye disease. All eyes examined except one had blink rates adequate to prevent dry‐spot formation. Fourteen of 33 eyes had abnormally high tear osmolarity. Increasing palpebral fissure width and increasing blink rate were both significant predictors of elevated osmolarity in tears obtained from the inferior marginal tear strip. We suspect that increased palpebral fissure width accelerates tear film evaporation, thus increasing tear film osmolarity with resultant ocular surface damage.
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Citations
Cited by
(2007) · The Ocular Surface · doi:10.1016/s1542-0124(12)70081-2 · Cited by 3,267
Bartalena, L., Baldeschi, L., Boboridis, K., Eckstein, A., Kahaly, G. J., Marcocci, C., Perros, P., Salvi, M., & Wiersinga, W. M. (2016) · European Thyroid Journal · doi:10.1159/000443828 · Cited by 943
Mourits, M. P., Koornneef, L., Wiersinga, W. M., Prummel, M. F., Berghout, A., & van der Gaag, R. (1989) · British Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1136/bjo.73.8.639 · Cited by 721
The Ocular Surface and Tear Film and Their Dysfunction in Dry Eye Disease
Rolando, M., & Zierhut, M. (2001) · Survey of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1016/s0039-6257(00)00203-4 · Cited by 366
Blinking Is Controlled Primarily by Ocular Surface Conditions
NAKAMORI, K., ODAWARA, M., NAKAJIMA, T., MIZUTANI, T., & TSUBOTA, K. (1997) · American Journal of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9394(14)71639-3 · Cited by 274
Metadata
- Authors
- GILBARD, J. P., & FARRIS, R. L.
- Venue
- Acta Ophthalmologica
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1983-02
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 108-116
- ISSN
- 0001-639X (ISSN-L)
- 1755-375X
- 1755-3768
- OpenAlex
- W2153628105
- Cited by
- 204
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 3.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: OCULAR SURFACE DRYING AND TEAR FILM OSMOLARITY IN THYROID EYE DISEASE. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1111/j.1755-3768.1983.tb01401.x
- The paper
- GILBARD, J. P., & FARRIS, R. L. (1983). OCULAR SURFACE DRYING AND TEAR FILM OSMOLARITY IN THYROID EYE DISEASE. Acta Ophthalmologica. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-3768.1983.tb01401.x
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
