Neurological autoimmune disorders with prominent gastrointestinal manifestations: a review of presentation, evaluation, and treatment
Abstract
Background The identification of autoantibodies directed against neuronal antigens has led to the recognition of a wide spectrum of neurological autoimmune disorders (NAD). With timely recognition and treatment, many patients with NAD see rapid improvement. Symptoms associated with NAD can be diverse and are determined by the regions of the nervous system affected. In addition to neurological symptoms, a number of these disorders present with prominent gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations such as nausea, diarrhea, weight loss, and gastroparesis prompting an initial evaluation by gastroenterologists. Purpose This review provides a general overview of autoantibodies within the nervous system, focusing on three scenarios in which nervous system autoimmunity may initially present with gut symptoms. A general approach to evaluation and treatment, including antibody testing, will be reviewed.
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Other antibodies, including ganglionic acetylcholine receptor antibodies and CRMP-5 (CV2), have also been associated with enteric dysmotility in paraneoplastic or autoimmune contexts.
“Other antibodies, including ganglionic acetylcholine receptor antibodies and CRMP-5 (CV2), have also been associated with enteric dysmotility in paraneoplastic/autoimmune contexts (Blackburn et al., 2019; Vernino et al., 2000), and neuropathologic studies show that some patients have more extensive involvement (Sodhi et al., 1989).”
From Autonomic nervous system and gastrointestinal manifestations with an emphasis on gastric dysfunction (2026) · cites this paper as Blackburn et al., 2019
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References 40 · Cited by 19
- Authors
- Blackburn, K. M., Kubiliun, M., Harris, S., & Vernino, S.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Blackburn, Kyle M.
- Venue
- Neurogastroenterology & Motility
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2019-04-23
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- e13611-e13611
- ISSN
- 1350-1925 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2982
- OpenAlex
- W2941493018
- Cited by
- 19
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 2
- FWCI
- 1.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Neurogastroenterology & Motility (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Autoimmune Neurological Disorders and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Peripheral Neuropathies and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Celiac Disease Research and Management
- Keywords
- gastrointestinal manifestations, autoantibodies, neuronal antigens, gastroparesis, diarrhea, weight loss, nausea, antibody detection, diagnosis, treatment
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Antibodies, Neoplasm, Antibodies, Antinuclear, Autoantibodies, Autonomic Nervous System Diseases, Brain, Diarrhea, Dipeptidyl-Peptidases and Tripeptidyl-Peptidases, Female, Gastrointestinal Diseases, Humans, Immunosuppressive Agents, Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction, Male, Middle Aged, Nausea, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Neuromyelitis Optica, Potassium Channels, Weight Loss, Gastroparesis, Autoimmune Diseases of the Nervous System, Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Nervous System, Area Postrema, Aquaporin 4
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