Cited by 470Body Composition Measurement TechniquesObesity, Physical Activity, DietDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins

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Why are there race/ethnic differences in adult body mass index–adiposity relationships? A quantitative critical review

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Heymsfield, S. B., Peterson, C. M., Thomas, D. M., Heo, M., Schuna, J. M.·2016·Obesity Reviews

DOI 10.1111/obr.12358PMC PMC4968570

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Abstract

Summary: Body mass index (BMI) is now the most widely used measure of adiposity on a global scale. Nevertheless, intense discussion centers on the appropriateness of BMI as a phenotypic marker of adiposity across populations differing in race and ethnicity. BMI–adiposity relations appear to vary significantly across race/ethnic groups, but a collective critical analysis of these effects establishing their magnitude and underlying body shape/composition basis is lacking. Accordingly, we systematically review the magnitude of these race‐ethnic differences across non‐Hispanic (NH) white, NH black and Mexican American adults, their anatomic body composition basis and potential biologically linked mechanisms, using both earlier publications and new analyses from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Our collective observations provide a new framework for critically evaluating the quantitative relations between BMI and adiposity across groups differing in race and ethnicity; reveal new insights into BMI as a measure of adiposity across the adult age‐span; identify knowledge gaps that can form the basis of future research and create a quantitative foundation for developing BMI‐related public health recommendations.

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Authors: Heymsfield, S. B., Peterson, C. M., Thomas, D. M., Heo, M., & Schuna, J. M.
Affiliations: Pennington Biomedical Research Center (US)
Montclair State University (US)
Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US)
Oregon State University (US)
Corresponding author: Heymsfield, S. B.
ORCID: Heymsfield, S. B.
Peterson, C. M.
Thomas, D. M.
Heo, M.
Venue: Obesity Reviews
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2015-12-11
Volume: 17
Issue: 3
Pages: 262-275
ISSN: 1467-7881 (ISSN-L)
1467-789X
DOI: 10.1111/obr.12358
PMC: PMC4968570
OpenAlex: W2195967324
Cited by: 470
References: 85
Citations by year: 2026: 44 · 2025: 57 · 2024: 86 · 2023: 40 · 2022: 48 · 2021: 59 · 2020: 54 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 1
FWCI: 2.20
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Obesity Reviews (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health (1 U54 GM104940)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Body Composition Measurement Techniques
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Keywords: body mass index, adiposity, racial and ethnic differences, body composition, Mexican Americans, Black people, body shape, NHANES
MeSH terms: Body Composition, Body Height, Body Image, Ethnicity, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Humans, Nutrition Surveys, Obesity, Nutrition Assessment, Body Mass Index, Racial Groups, Adiposity, Waist Circumference

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Why are there race/ethnic differences in adult body mass index–adiposity relationships? A quantitative critical review

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