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Conceptualizing throughput legitimacy: Procedural mechanisms of accountability, transparency, inclusiveness and openness in EU governance
Open accessAbstract
This symposium demonstrates the potential for throughput legitimacy as a concept for shedding empirical light on the strengths and weaknesses of multi‐level governance, as well as challenging the concept theoretically. This article introduces the symposium by conceptualizing throughput legitimacy as an ‘umbrella concept’, encompassing a constellation of normative criteria not necessarily empirically interrelated. It argues that in order to interrogate multi‐level governance processes in all their complexity, it makes sense for us to develop normative standards that are not naïve about the empirical realities of how power is exercised within multi‐level governance, or how it may interact with legitimacy. We argue that while throughput legitimacy has its normative limits, it can be substantively useful for these purposes. While being no replacement for input and output legitimacy, throughput legitimacy offers distinctive normative criteria—accountability, transparency, inclusiveness and openness—and points towards substantive institutional reforms.
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“She states that not just the accuracy but also the transparency of the throughput, the receptiveness to participation, and the accountability for organizational processes are crucial to the legitimacy of the political system (Schmidt and Wood 2019).”
From Legitimacy of Algorithmic Decision-Making: Six Threats and the Need for a Calibrated Institutional Response (2022) · cites this paper as Schmidt and Wood 2019
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Cited by
Grimmelikhuijsen, S., & Meijer, A. (2022) · Perspectives on Public Management and Governance · doi:10.1093/ppmgov/gvac008 · Cited by 189
Starke, C., & Lünich, M. (2020) · Data & Policy · doi:10.1017/dap.2020.19 · Cited by 107
Hillo, J., Vento, I., & Erkkilä, T. (2026) · Public Administration · doi:10.1111/padm.70028 · Cited by 22
“…both the input side (alignment with citizen interest) of the political system, procedural characteristics (openness, responsibility, and trustworthiness) and expected outputs (effectiveness) [compare e.g., Schmidt and Wood (2019) Grimmelikhuijsen and Meijer (2022) and Haesevoets et al. 2024].”
Brummel, L., & de Blok, L. (2024) · Public Management Review · doi:10.1080/14719037.2024.2337843 · Cited by 17
Metadata
- Authors
- Schmidt, V., & Wood, M.
- Affiliations
- Boston University (US)
- University of Sheffield (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Wood, Matthew
- Venue
- Public Administration
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2019-10-23
- Volume
- 97
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 727-740
- ISSN
- 0033-3298 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-9299
- OpenAlex
- W2954579544
- Cited by
- 266
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 45 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 29
- FWCI
- 111.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Public Administration (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) (acceptedVersion)
- OpenBU (Boston University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Economic and Social Research Council (ES/S00730X/1, ES/L010925/1)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › European Union Policy and Governance
- Social Sciences › Public Administration › Public Policy and Administration Research
- Social Sciences › Political Science and International Relations › Political Systems and Governance
- Keywords
- throughput legitimacy, multi-level governance, EU governance, accountability, transparency, inclusivity, openness, input legitimacy, output legitimacy, normative standards, institutional reform
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