Polynucleotide injection treatment for iatrogenic fat atrophy in two patients: Potential for safe volumization in aesthetic medicine
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substances-such as collagen, hyaluronic acid, and glycoproteins-to the dermal layer, to a more cell-centric
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PN forms a more porous, highly viscous, three-dimensional structure.
“However, PDRN exhibits lower viscoelasticity than that of PN because of its reduced molecular weight, whereas PN forms a more porous, highly viscous, three-dimensional structure [11,24,25].”
From Comparison of Polynucleotide and Polydeoxyribonucleotide in Dermatology: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Perspectives (2025) · cites this paper as [25]
The CASE 2 passage (page not specified) describes high-viscosity PN injections and a 3-D scaffold structure. It does not describe the structure as porous, so that part of the attributed claim is unsupported. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPDRN accelerates wound healing.
“For instance, PDRN has been shown to stimulate the proliferation of skin fibroblasts [52] and osteoblasts [53], accelerate wound healing [25,54], promote angiogenesis [55], and exert notable anti-inflammatory effects [56].”
From Comparison of Polynucleotide and Polydeoxyribonucleotide in Dermatology: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Perspectives (2025) · cites this paper as [25]
The paper’s introductory discussion (page unavailable) says PDRNs have shown effectiveness in treating wounds and ulcers. It does not state that they accelerate healing or report a comparison of healing times, so the stronger claim is not fully supported. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPDRN exhibits lower viscoelasticity than PN because of its reduced molecular weight.
“However, PDRN exhibits lower viscoelasticity than that of PN because of its reduced molecular weight, whereas PN forms a more porous, highly viscous, three-dimensional structure [11,24,25].”
From Comparison of Polynucleotide and Polydeoxyribonucleotide in Dermatology: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Perspectives (2025) · cites this paper as [25]
The paper describes high-viscosity PN injections and a three-dimensional scaffold (CASE 2; page unavailable), but does not compare PN with PDRN on viscoelasticity. Searches for the comparison and for molecular weight found no passage saying that PDRN has lower molecular weight or that this causes lower viscoelasticity. (LLM, conf=0.72)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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No references could be resolved yet.
Research works printed but not linked: 10
- [1]Raposio E, Guida C, Coradeghini R, et al. In vitro polydeoxyribonucleotide effects on human pre‐adipocytes. Cell Prolif. 2008; 41(5): 739‐ 754. 18673371 PMC6496018
- [2]Kim JH, Jeong JJ, Lee YI, et al. Preventive effect of polynucleotide on post‐thyroidectomy scars: a randomized, double‐blinded, controlled trial. Lasers Surg Med. 2018;50: 755‐ 762. 29574803
- [3]Kim TH, Heo SY, Oh GW, Heo SJ, Jung WK. Applications of marine organism‐derived polydeoxyribonucleotide: its potential in biomedical engineering. Mar Drugs. 2021; 19(6):296. PMC8224764 34067499
- [4]Veronesi F, Dallari D, Sabbioni G, Carubbi C, Martini L, Fini M. Polydeoxyribonucleotides (PDRNs) from skin to musculoskeletal tissue regeneration via adenosine A(2A) receptor involvement. J Cell Physiol. 2017; 232(9): 2299‐ 2307. 27791262
- [5]Squadrito F, Bitto A, Irrera N, et al. Pharmacological activity and clinical use of PDRN. Front Pharmacol. 2017; 8: 224. 28491036 PMC5405115
- [6]Belletti S, Uggeri J, Gatti R, Govoni P, Guizzardi S. Polydeoxyribonucleotide promotes cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer repair in UVB‐exposed dermal fibroblasts. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2007; 23(6): 242‐ 249. 17986061
- [7]Lee YJ, Kim HT, Lee YJ, et al. Comparison of the effects of polynucleotide and hyaluronic acid fillers on periocular rejuvenation: a randomized, double‐blind, split‐face trial. J Dermatolog Treat. 2022; 33(1): 254‐ 260. 32248707
- [8]Yi KH, Lee JJ, Hur HW, Bae HK, Kim H‐J. Hyaluronic acid filler injection for deep nasolabial folds: a novel intraoral approach. Clinical Anatomy. 2022; 35:820‐823. 35665540
- [9]De Caridi G, Massara M, Acri I, et al. Trophic effects of polynucleotides and hyaluronic acid in the healing of venous ulcers of the lower limbs: a clinical study. Int Wound J. 2016; 13(5): 754‐ 758. 25224018 PMC7949893
- [10]Cavallini M, Bartoletti E, Maioli L, et al. Consensus report on the use of PN‐HPT (polynucleotides highly purified technology) in aesthetic medicine. J Cosmet Dermatol. 2021; 20(3): 922‐ 928. 32799391 PMC7984045
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Kim, S. T. (2025) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics17081024 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
- Authors
- Kim, M. J., Park, H., Oh, S. M., & Yi, K.
- Affiliations
- Aeon Medical and Aesthetic Centre Singapore Singapore
- Maylin Clinic (Chungdam) Seoul Republic of Korea
- Maylin Clinic (Apgujeong) Seoul Republic of Korea
- Yonsei University (KR)
- Corresponding author
- Yi, Kyu‐Ho
- Venue
- Skin Research and Technology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2023-08
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- e13439-e13439
- ISSN
- 0909-752X (ISSN-L)
- 1600-0846
- PMC
- PMC10423761
- OpenAlex
- W4385813041
- Cited by
- 24
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 3 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 6.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Skin Research and Technology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Facial Rejuvenation and Surgery Techniques
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Body Contouring and Surgery
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Emergency Medicine › Intramuscular injections and effects
- Keywords
- aesthetic medicine, dermal fillers, collagen, hyaluronic acid, glycoproteins, dermal layer
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Atrophy, Humans, Iatrogenic Disease, Polynucleotides
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