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Harmonics-to-noise ratio as an index of the degree of hoarseness
Abstract
Degree of hoarseness can be evaluated by judging the extent to which noise replaces the harmonic structure in the spectrogram of a sustained vowel. However, this visual method is subjective. The present study was undertaken to develop the harmonics-to-noise (H/N) ratio as an objective and quantitative evaluation of the degree of hoarseness. The computation is conceptually straightforward; 50 consecutive pitch periods of a sustained vowel /a/ are averaged; H is the energy of the averaged waveform, while N is the mean energy of the differences between the individual periods and the averaged waveform. Recordings of 42 normal voices and 41 samples with varying degrees of hoarseness were analyzed. Two experts rated the spectrogram of each voice sample, based on the amount of noise relative to that of the harmonic component. The results showed a highly significant agreement (the rank correlation coefficient = 0.849) between H/N calculations and the subjective evaluations of the spectrograms. The H/N ratio also proved useful in quantitatively assessing the results of treatment for hoarseness.
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Citations
Cited by
Maximum Performance Tests of Speech Production
Kent, R. D., Kent, J. F., & Rosenbek, J. C. (1987) · Journal of Speech and Hearing Disorders · doi:10.1044/jshd.5204.367 · Cited by 395
Godino-Llorente, J. I., Gomez-Vilda, P., & Blanco-Velasco, M. (2006) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1109/tbme.2006.871883 · Cited by 322
Embodied Conversational Agent-Based Kiosk for Automated Interviewing
Nunamaker, J. F., Derrick, D. C., Elkins, A. C., Burgoon, J. K., & Patton, M. W. (2011) · Journal of Management Information Systems · doi:10.2753/mis0742-1222280102 · Cited by 280
Discrimination of pathological voices using a time-frequency approach
Umapathy, K., Krishnan, S., Parsa, V., & Jamieson, D. G. (2005) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1109/tbme.2004.842962 · Cited by 149
Automatic detection of voice impairments from text-dependent running speech
Godino-Llorente, J. I., Fraile, R., Sáenz-Lechón, N., Osma-Ruiz, V., & Gómez-Vilda, P. (2009) · Biomedical Signal Processing and Control · doi:10.1016/j.bspc.2009.01.007 · Cited by 54
Metadata
- Authors
- Yumoto, E., Gould, W. J., & Baer, T.
- Venue
- The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
- Publisher
- Acoustical Society of America (ASA)
- Published
- 1982-06-01
- Volume
- 71
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1544-1550
- ISSN
- 0001-4966 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-8524
- OpenAlex
- W1964546269
- Cited by
- 559
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 3.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Yumoto, E., Gould, W. J., & Baer, T. (1982). Harmonics-to-noise ratio as an index of the degree of hoarseness. The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.387808
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