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Macro- and Micro-nutrient Intake of Adolescent Greek Female Volleyball Players
Abstract
Adequate nutrition is critically important for the achievement of the adolescent athlete’s optimal performance. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the adequacy of macro- and micro-nutrients in the adolescent Greek female volleyball players’ diet. The subjects of the study consisted of 16 players who were members of the Junior National Team (NP) and 49 players who participated in the Junior National Championship (CP). Dietary intake was assessed using a 3-day food record. Protein intake (16.0 ± 4.9% of total energy intake) was satisfactory, whereas fat consumption (37.5 ± 11.1%) was above recommended values and at the expense of carbohydrate intake (45.9 ± 12.5%). There were no significant differences between NP and CP concerning the intake of macronutrients, except for the fat intake (when this is expressed in grams per day and grams per kilogram of body weight and the saturated fat intake, which were both higher in NP compared to CP players (p < .05). The mean energy intake was 2013 ± 971 and 1529 ± 675 kcal for NP and CP, respectively (p < .05). NP, in particular, consumed fat and especially saturated fat in order to meet their energy needs. As for micronutrients, the volleyball players fell short of meeting the RDA values for calcium, iron, folk acid, magnesium, zinc, and vitamins A, B 1, B 2, and B 6. There was no difference between NP and CP in micronutrient intake. In conclusion, subjects in the current study lacked proper nutrition in terms of quantity and quality.
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“Our study shows that athletes and nonathletes are not meeting this recommendation and are consuming fewer calories than athletes from previous studies of similar age and training status [55,56,57,58].”
From Energy Expenditure, Dietary Energy Intake, and Nutritional Supplements in Adolescent Volleyball Athletes versus Nonathletic Controls (2023) · cites this paper as [58]
In the citing paper
“Evidence has shown that Canadian male athletes are more likely to use supplements for overall athletic performance than their female counterparts [58,74].”
From Energy Expenditure, Dietary Energy Intake, and Nutritional Supplements in Adolescent Volleyball Athletes versus Nonathletic Controls (2023) · cites this paper as [58]
In the citing paper
“Previous research has shown inadequate carbohydrate intake in young athletes [57,58,59].”
From Energy Expenditure, Dietary Energy Intake, and Nutritional Supplements in Adolescent Volleyball Athletes versus Nonathletic Controls (2023) · cites this paper as [58]
In the citing paper
“In young athletes, nutrients identified as of concern due to insufficient intakes include: Carbohydrates (especially during exercise), vitamin E, vitamin D, calcium, iron, magnesium, and zinc [5,9,10,11].”
From Dietary Intakes and Supplement Use in Pre-Adolescent and Adolescent Canadian Athletes (2016) · cites this paper as [11]
In the citing paper
“Inadequate carbohydrate intake in young athletes has been noted in other studies [5,11,26,27].”
From Dietary Intakes and Supplement Use in Pre-Adolescent and Adolescent Canadian Athletes (2016) · cites this paper as [11]
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Cited by
Iron and the endurance athlete
Hinton, P. S. (2014) · Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.1139/apnm-2014-0147 · Cited by 135
Micronutrient requirements for athletes
Volpe, S. L. (2007) · Clinics in Sports Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.csm.2006.11.009 · Cited by 95
Comparison of strategies for assessing nutritional adequacy in elite female athletes’ dietary intake
Heaney, S., O’Connor, H., Gifford, J., & Naughton, G. (2010) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.20.3.245 · Cited by 95
Dietary Intakes and Supplement Use in Pre-Adolescent and Adolescent Canadian Athletes
Parnell, J., Wiens, K., & Erdman, K. (2016) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu8090526 · Cited by 73
Bell, M., Ghatora, R., Retsidou, M. I., Chatzigianni, E. (., & Klentrou, P. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15071788 · Cited by 37
Metadata
- Authors
- Papadopoulou, S. K., Papadopoulou, S. D., & Gallos, G. K.
- Venue
- International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism
- Publisher
- Human Kinetics
- Published
- 2002-03
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 73-80
- ISSN
- 1526-484X
- 1543-2742
- Cited by
- 43
- References
- 0
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