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Comparison of Postexercise Nutrition Knowledge and Postexercise Carbohydrate and Protein Intake between Australian Masters and Younger Triathletes
Abstract
Postexercise nutrition is a critical component of an athlete’s recovery from training and competition. However, little is known about athletes’ postexercise dietary practices or knowledge of dietary recommendations, particularly among masters athletes. The purpose of this study was to compare and contrast the knowledge of postexercise nutritional recommendations, and typical postexercise intakes of carbohydrate and protein, between masters and younger triathletes. 182 triathletes (Male = 101, Female = 81) completed an online survey distributed by Triathlon Australia. Knowledge of postexercise nutrition recommendations for protein and carbohydrate intake were assessed as a group, and contrasted between subgroups of masters (≥50 years) and younger triathletes (≤30 years). Using dietary recall, postexercise intakes of carbohydrate and protein were examined and contrasted between masters and younger triathletes. As a group, 43.1% and 43.9% of all triathletes answered, “I don’t know” when asked to identify the recommended postexercise carbohydrate and protein intakes, respectively. Dietary analysis revealed masters triathletes consumed significantly less carbohydrate (0.7 ± 0.4 g.kg-1) postexercise than recommended (1.0 g.kg-1; p = .001), and in comparison with younger triathletes (1.1 ± 0.6 g.kg-1; p = .01). Postexercise protein intakes were similar between masters (19.6 ± 13.5 g) and younger (26.4 ± 15.8 g) triathletes. However, relative to body mass, masters triathletes consumed significantly less protein (0.3 ± 0.2 g.kg-1) than younger triathletes (0.4 ± 0.2 g.kg-1; p = .03), and consumed significantly less energy postexercise (22.7 ± 11.7 kJ.kg-1) than younger triathletes (37.8 ± 19.2 kJ.kg-1; p = .01). The present data suggests triathletes have poor knowledge of recommendations for postexercise carbohydrate and protein intakes. Furthermore, low postexercise intakes of carbohydrate and protein by masters athletes may impair acute recovery.
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“Seven studies examined master athletes with an endurance-based background (triathlon, running, swimming) [22,23,24,25,26,27,28]”
From Protein Intake, Physical Performance and Body Composition in Master Athletes—A Short Scoping Review (2025) · cites this paper as [24]
In the citing paper
“Furthermore, dietary analysis revealed that female masters athletes in particular consumed significantly less carbohydrates (0.7 g/kg) post-exercise than recommended (1.0 to 1.2 g/kg).”
From Nutrition for Older Athletes: Focus on Sex-Differences (2021) · cites this paper as [189]
In the citing paper
“In this study in master triathletes, post-exercise energy and protein intakes relative to body mass were significantly lower than the recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for younger athletes, with −40% for energy (22.7 kJ/kg), and −25% for protein (19.6 g), which may affect post-exercise recovery.”
From Nutrition for Older Athletes: Focus on Sex-Differences (2021) · cites this paper as [189]
In the citing paper
“Although regular PA may lower the risk of inadequate energy intake and has the potential to maintain muscle mass and RMR with aging [46,48], recent findings including athletic populations suggest that masters athletes are still at risk of nutritional deficit [189].”
From Nutrition for Older Athletes: Focus on Sex-Differences (2021) · cites this paper as [189]
In the citing paper
“Master athletes self-report lower post-exercise meal protein intakes than their younger counterparts [179]”
From Protein Requirements for Master Athletes: Just Older Versions of Their Younger Selves (2021) · cites this paper as [179]
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Cited by
Nutrition for Special Populations: Young, Female, and Masters Athletes
Desbrow, B., Burd, N. A., Tarnopolsky, M., Moore, D. R., & Elliott-Sale, K. J. (2019) · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · doi:10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0269 · Cited by 100
Protein Requirements for Master Athletes: Just Older Versions of Their Younger Selves
Moore, D. R. (2021) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-021-01510-0 · Cited by 33
Nutrition for Older Athletes: Focus on Sex-Differences
Strasser, B., Pesta, D., Rittweger, J., Burtscher, J., & Burtscher, M. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13051409 · Cited by 25
Nutrition for Master Athletes: Is There a Need for Specific Recommendations?
Louis, J., Vercruyssen, F., Dupuy, O., & Bernard, T. (2020) · Journal of Aging and Physical Activity · doi:10.1123/japa.2019-0190 · Cited by 15
Protein Intake, Physical Performance and Body Composition in Master Athletes—A Short Scoping Review
Franzke, B., Maierhofer, R., & Putz, P. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17030498 · Cited by 3
Metadata
- Authors
- Doering, T. M., Reaburn, P. R., Cox, G., & Jenkins, D. G.
- Venue
- International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism
- Publisher
- Human Kinetics
- Published
- 2016-08
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 338-346
- ISSN
- 1526-484X
- 1543-2742
- Cited by
- 22
- References
- 0
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- The paper
- Doering, T. M., Reaburn, P. R., Cox, G., & Jenkins, D. G. (2016). Comparison of Postexercise Nutrition Knowledge and Postexercise Carbohydrate and Protein Intake between Australian Masters and Younger Triathletes. International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism. https://doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2015-0289
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