Daytime eating prevents internal circadian misalignment and glucose intolerance in night work
Open accessAbstract
Night work increases diabetes risk. Misalignment between the central circadian “clock” and daily behaviors, typical in night workers, impairs glucose tolerance, likely due to internal misalignment between central and peripheral circadian rhythms. Whether appropriate circadian alignment of eating can prevent internal circadian misalignment and glucose intolerance is unknown. In a 14-day circadian paradigm, we assessed glycemic control during simulated night work with either nighttime or daytime eating. Assessment of central (body temperature) and peripheral (glucose and insulin) endogenous circadian rhythms happened during constant routine protocols before and after simulated night work. Nighttime eating led to misalignment between central and peripheral (glucose) endogenous circadian rhythms and impaired glucose tolerance, whereas restricting meals to daytime prevented it. These findings offer a behavioral approach to preventing glucose intolerance in shift workers.
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The timing of food intake is a synchronizer of the peripheral circadian clocks.
“The timing of food intake is a synchronizer of the peripheral circadian clocks (1-3).”
From Interplay of Dinner Timing and <i>MTNR1B</i> Type 2 Diabetes Risk Variant on Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Secretion: A Randomized Crossover Trial (2022) · cites this paper as [3]
Studies in highly controlled laboratory conditions have found that eating during the biological night causes metabolic changes, including increased postprandial glucose.
“Studies performed in highly controlled laboratory conditions have found that eating during the biological night causes metabolic changes, including increased postprandial glucose (3,8,9).”
From Interplay of Dinner Timing and <i>MTNR1B</i> Type 2 Diabetes Risk Variant on Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Secretion: A Randomized Crossover Trial (2022) · cites this paper as [3]
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References 51 · Cited by 135
- Authors
- Chellappa, S. L., Qian, J., Vujovic, N., Morris, C. J., Nedeltcheva, A., Nguyen, H., Rahman, N., Heng, S. W., Kelly, L., Kerlin-Monteiro, K., Srivastav, S., Wang, W., Aeschbach, D., Czeisler, C. A., Shea, S. A., Adler, G. K., Garaulet, M., & Scheer, F. A. J. L.
- Affiliations
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Medical Chronobiology Program, Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- University of Bonn (DE)
- Oregon Health & Science University (US)
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (ES)
- Corresponding author
- Chellappa, Sarah L.
- Scheer, Frank A. J. L.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Science Advances
- Published
- 2021-12-03
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 49
- Pages
- eabg9910-eabg9910
- ISSN
- 2375-2548 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8641939
- OpenAlex
- W3215370897
- Cited by
- 135
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 30 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 24
- FWCI
- 8.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- Science Advances (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Kölner Universitäts PublikationsServer (Universität zu Köln) (publishedVersion)
- elib (German Aerospace Center) (acceptedVersion)
- ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- American Diabetes Association (R01DK102696, #1‐17‐PDF‐103, R01HL118601, R01HL125893, R01HL125893-03S1, R01DK099512, R01HL142064, R01HL140574, R01HL140577, R01DK105072, K99HL148500)
- Pfizer
- Sanofi
- Alexander von Humboldt-Stiftung
- Brigham and Women's Hospital
- Biogen
- Fundación Séneca (20795/PI/18)
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals
- Vanda Pharmaceuticals
- Arbor Pharmaceuticals
- Harmony Biosciences
- Bayer HealthCare
- Eisai
- Comunidad Autónoma de la Región de Murcia
- National Institutes of Health (NCT02291952, UL1TR002541, UL1TR001102)
- Pfizer Pharmaceuticals
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health and Science University (ORS 656.630)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL140574, R01HL118601, R01HL140577, K99HL148500, R01HL142064, R01HL125893, K24HL103845)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK099512, R01DK105072, NIDDK R01DK105072, R01DK102696, P30DK040561)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Dietary Effects on Health
- Keywords
- night work, circadian misalignment, impaired glucose tolerance, meal timing, shift work, diabetes risk, circadian rhythm, body temperature, insulin, glycemic control, constant routine
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