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Spin in quantum chromodynamics

Deshpande, Abhay, Kharzeev, Dmitri E., Liao, Jinfeng·2026·Science Advances
DOI 10.1126/sciadv.aeh1991
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Abstract

This article surveys the role of spin in quantum chromodynamics (QCD), tracing its manifestations from the internal structure of the nucleon to the collective dynamics of strongly interacting matter. We review the decomposition of the proton spin into the spin and orbital angular momentum of quarks and gluons and discuss the theoretical and experimental progress that has shaped our modern understanding of polarized parton structure. We then examine spin transport phenomena in hot and dense QCD matter, highlighting theoretical developments of phase structures under rotation and spin hydrodynamics theory as well as the experimental discovery of global polarization and other related phenomena. Last, we present anomalous transport and the chiral magnetic effect as paradigmatic examples of how quantum anomalies convert chirality and topology into macroscopic, nondissipative currents whose signal can be measured in experiments. Together, these topics illustrate how spin provides a unifying framework linking hadronic structure, gauge field topology, quark field chirality, and relativistic many-body dynamics in QCD.

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Metadata

Authors
Deshpande, A., Kharzeev, D. E., & Liao, J.
Venue
Science Advances
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published
2026-09-18
Volume
12
Issue
38
ISSN
2375-2548
DOI
10.1126/sciadv.aeh1991
Cited by
0
Language
en
Licence
www.science.org/content/page/science-licenses-journal-article-reuse (vor)
Funders
  • National Science Foundation (PHY-2514992)
  • U.S. Department of Energy (DE-FG02-05ER41372, DE-FG02-88ER40388, DE-SC0026415, DE-SC0012704, DE-SC0023598)

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Deshpande, A., Kharzeev, D. E., & Liao, J. (2026). Spin in quantum chromodynamics. Science Advances. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aeh1991

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