The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Regulation of the Immune Response by Antigen
Abstract
How, why, and when specific T and B lymphocytes respond against infection follow explicit rules, but how this can be assessed experimentally depends crucially on the methodology used. In this Viewpoint, we discuss the parameters of receptor specificity and antigen that determine whether an immune response can be accurately measured against model antigens and how this relates to protection against a given pathogen. We suggest that antigen structure, localization, dose, and time during which antigen is available are all decisive factors in regulating an immune response.
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Non-infectious virions are thought to represent the most potent antigenic form for the B cell response.
“and non-infectious virions are thought to represent the most potent antigenic form for the B cell response 67.”
From Are human endogenous retroviruses pathogenic? An approach to testing the hypothesis (2013) · cites this paper as [67]
Adaptive immune responses may be stronger against the semi-crystalline protein structure of the virion than soluble proteins.
“Moreover, adaptive immune responses may also be stronger against the semi-crystalline protein structure of the virion than soluble proteins”
From Are human endogenous retroviruses pathogenic? An approach to testing the hypothesis (2013) · cites this paper as [67]
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Cited by
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Are human endogenous retroviruses pathogenic? An approach to testing the hypothesis
Young, G. R., Stoye, J. P., & Kassiotis, G. (2013) · BioEssays · doi:10.1002/bies.201300049 · Cited by 78
“Moreover, adaptive immune responses may also be stronger against the semi-crystalline protein structure of the virion than soluble proteins, and non-infectious virions are thought to represent themost potent antigenic form for the B cell response [67].”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Zinkernagel, R. M., & Hengartner, H.
- Affiliations
- University Hospital Zurich (CH)
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2001-07-13
- Volume
- 293
- Issue
- 5528
- Pages
- 251-253
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2034832824
- Cited by
- 253
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 1.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune responses and vaccinations
- Keywords
- immune regulation, antigenic structure, antigen localization, antigen dose, T cell receptor specificity, immunoprotection
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Antigens, B-Lymphocytes, Humans, Immunity, Infections, Receptors, Immunologic, T-Lymphocytes
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