Persistent Solar Influence on North Atlantic Climate During the Holocene
Abstract
Surface winds and surface ocean hydrography in the subpolar North Atlantic appear to have been influenced by variations in solar output through the entire Holocene. The evidence comes from a close correlation between inferred changes in production rates of the cosmogenic nuclides carbon-14 and beryllium-10 and centennial to millennial time scale changes in proxies of drift ice measured in deep-sea sediment cores. A solar forcing mechanism therefore may underlie at least the Holocene segment of the North Atlantic's “1500-year” cycle. The surface hydrographic changes may have affected production of North Atlantic Deep Water, potentially providing an additional mechanism for amplifying the solar signals and transmitting them globally.
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The time intervals around the termination of the Late Bronze Age (mid-later 13th century BCE) and during the earlier Iron Age (11th century BCE) stand out as two culturally important time intervals when major transformations or reorientations in historical trajectories are often linked with climate perturbations.
“the time intervals around the termination of the Late Bronze Age (mid–later 13th century BCE) and during the earlier Iron Age (11th century BCE) stand out as two culturally important time intervals when major transformations or reorientations in historical trajectories are often linked with climate perturbations (19, 52, 53).”
From Mediterranean radiocarbon offsets and calendar dates for prehistory (2020) · cites this paper as [52]
Some of the periods of reversals and plateaus in the atmospheric 14C record are likely associated with climate change episodes because marked changes in 14C production and availability in the troposphere in the Holocene reflect changes in solar activity and ocean systems.
“Some of these periods of reversals and plateaus in the atmospheric 14C record are moreover likely associated with climate change episodes since marked changes in 14C production and availability in the troposphere in the Holocene reflect changes in solar activity and ocean systems (51, 52)”
From Mediterranean radiocarbon offsets and calendar dates for prehistory (2020) · cites this paper as [52]
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- Authors
- Bond, G., Kromer, B., Beer, J., Muscheler, R., Evans, M. N., Showers, W., Hoffmann, S., Lotti-Bond, R., Hajdas, I., & Bonani, G.
- Affiliations
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Route 9W, Palisades, NY 10964, USA.
- Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities (DE)
- Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (CH)
- University of Arizona (US)
- North Carolina State University (US)
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory (US)
- Accelerator Mass Spectrometry
- ORCID
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2001-12-07
- Volume
- 294
- Issue
- 5549
- Pages
- 2130-2136
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W1990899433
- Cited by
- 3,441
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 109 · 2025: 143 · 2024: 152 · 2023: 164 · 2022: 152 · 2021: 183 · 2020: 126 · 2019: 167 · 2018: 130 · 2017: 154 · 2016: 120 · 2015: 131 · 2014: 154 · 2013: 141 · 2012: 142
- FWCI
- 68.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DORA Eawag (Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (Eawag)) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Atmospheric Science › Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Climate variability and models
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Marine and environmental studies
- Keywords
- solar forcing, Holocene climate, North Atlantic climate, carbon-14, beryllium-10, cosmogenic nuclides, drifting sea ice, sea ice, North Atlantic Deep Water, surface winds, marine hydrography, deep-sea sediment core
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