The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Mortality and Greenhouse Gas Impacts of Biomass and Petroleum Energy Futures in Africa
Abstract
We analyzed the mortality impacts and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions produced by household energy use in Africa. Under a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario, household indoor air pollution will cause an estimated 9.8 million premature deaths by the year 2030. Gradual and rapid transitions to charcoal would delay 1.0 million and 2.8 million deaths, respectively; similar transitions to petroleum fuels would delay 1.3 million and 3.7 million deaths. Cumulative BAU GHG emissions will be 6.7 billion tons of carbon by 2050, which is 5.6% of Africa's total emissions. Large shifts to the use of fossil fuels would reduce GHG emissions by 1 to 10%. Charcoal-intensive future scenarios using current practices increase emissions by 140 to 190%; the increase can be reduced to 5 to 36% using currently available technologies for sustainable production or potentially reduced even more with investment in technological innovation.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
No references could be resolved yet.
Research works printed but not linked: 13
- 10.1016/S0140-6736(02)11403-6 · DOI · Paper page
- S. Karekezi, Energy Policy30, 915 (2002). · DOI
- IEA, in World Energy Outlook (IEA Publications, Paris, 2002), pp. 365–407.
- K. R. Smith, S. Mehta, M. Maeusezahl-Feuz, in Comparative Quantification of Health Risks: Global and Regional Burden of Disease Attributable to Selected Major Risk Factors, M. Ezzati, A. Lopez, A. Rodgers, C. Murray, Eds. [World Health Organization (WHO), Geneva, 2004], pp. 1435–1493.
- 10.1126/science.298.5600.1847 · DOI
- Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Climate Change 2001: The Scientific Basis J. T. Houghton et al. Eds. (Cambridge Univ. Press Cambridge 2001).
- R. Bailis, M. Ezzati, D. Kammen, Environ. Sci. Technol.37, 2051 (2003). · DOI
- T. Bond, C. Venkataraman, O. Masera, Energy Sustainable Dev.8, 20 (2004). · DOI
- E. Boy, N. Bruce, H. Delgado, Environ. Health Perspect.110, 109 (2002). · DOI · Paper page
- V. Mishra, X. Dai, K. R. Smith, L. Mika, Ann. Epidemiol.14, 740 (2004). · DOI
- C. J. L. Murray, A. D. Lopez, in The Global Burden of Disease, C. J. L. Murray, A. D. Lopez, Eds. (Harvard School of Public Health on behalf of WHO and World Bank, Boston, 1996), pp. 325–395.
- M. Ezzati, B. Mbinda, D. Kammen, Environ. Sci. Technol.34, 578 (2000). · DOI
- G. Jones et al., Lancet362, 65 (2003). · DOI · Paper page
Cited by
Lim, S. S., Vos, T., Flaxman, A. D., Danaei, G., Shibuya, K., Adair-Rohani, H., AlMazroa, M. A., Amann, M., Anderson, H. R., Andrews, K. G., et al. (2012) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(12)61766-8 · Cited by 11,805
Self-citationBounding the role of black carbon in the climate system: A scientific assessment
Bond, T. C., Doherty, S. J., Fahey, D. W., Forster, P. M., Berntsen, T., DeAngelo, B. J., Flanner, M. G., Ghan, S., Kärcher, B., Koch, D., et al. (2013) · Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres · doi:10.1002/jgrd.50171 · Cited by 6,385
Bio-char Sequestration in Terrestrial Ecosystems – A Review
Lehmann, J., Gaunt, J., & Rondon, M. (2006) · Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change · doi:10.1007/s11027-005-9006-5 · Cited by 3,053
Whitmee, S., Haines, A., Beyrer, C., Boltz, F., Capon, A. G., de Souza Dias, B. F., Ezeh, A., Frumkin, H., Gong, P., Head, P., et al. (2015) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60901-1 · Cited by 2,998
Climate change and child health: A scoping review and an expanded conceptual framework
Helldén, D., Andersson, C., Nilsson, M., Ebi, K. L., Friberg, P., & Alfvén, T. (2021) · The Lancet Planetary Health · doi:10.1016/s2542-5196(20)30274-6 · Cited by 332
Metadata
- Authors
- Bailis, R., Ezzati, M., & Kammen, D. M.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2005-04
- Volume
- 308
- Issue
- 5718
- Pages
- 98-103
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2145006846
- Cited by
- 348
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 17.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Mortality and Greenhouse Gas Impacts of Biomass and Petroleum Energy Futures in Africa. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1126/science.1106881
- The paper
- Bailis, R., Ezzati, M., & Kammen, D. M. (2005). Mortality and Greenhouse Gas Impacts of Biomass and Petroleum Energy Futures in Africa. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1106881
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
