The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 34 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Plio-Pleistocene Ice Volume, Antarctic Climate, and the Global δ 18 O Record
Abstract
We propose that from ∼3 to 1 million years ago, ice volume changes occurred in both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres, each controlled by local summer insolation. Because Earth's orbital precession is out of phase between hemispheres, 23,000-year changes in ice volume in each hemisphere cancel out in globally integrated proxies such as ocean δ 18 O or sea level, leaving the in-phase obliquity (41,000 years) component of insolation to dominate those records. Only a modest ice mass change in Antarctica is required to effectively cancel out a much larger northern ice volume signal. At the mid-Pleistocene transition, we propose that marine-based ice sheet margins replaced terrestrial ice margins around the perimeter of East Antarctica, resulting in a shift to in-phase behavior of northern and southern ice sheets as well as the strengthening of 23,000-year cyclicity in the marine δ 18 O record.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
A Pliocene‐Pleistocene stack of 57 globally distributed benthic δ18O records
Lisiecki, L. E., & Raymo, M. E. (2005) · Paleoceanography · doi:10.1029/2004pa001071 · Cited by 7,377
Self-citationPlio-Pleistocene African Climate
deMenocal, P. B. (1995) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.270.5233.53 · Cited by 1,241
Timing of Millennial-Scale Climate Change in Antarctica and Greenland During the Last Glacial Period
Blunier, T., & Brook, E. J. (2001) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.291.5501.109 · Cited by 1,202
Shackleton, N. J., Backman, J., Zimmerman, H., Kent, D. V., Hall, M. A., Roberts, D. G., Schnitker, D., Baldauf, J. G., Desprairies, A., Homrighausen, R., et al. (1984) · Nature · doi:10.1038/307620a0 · Cited by 1,074
Modeling the Climatic Response to Orbital Variations
Imbrie, J., & Imbrie, J. Z. (1980) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.207.4434.943 · Cited by 1,069
On the Structure and Origin of Major Glaciation Cycles 1. Linear Responses to Milankovitch Forcing
Imbrie, J., Boyle, E. A., Clemens, S. C., Duffy, A., Howard, W. R., Kukla, G., Kutzbach, J., Martinson, D. G., McIntyre, A., Mix, A. C., et al. (1992) · Paleoceanography · doi:10.1029/92pa02253 · Cited by 1,042
Self-citationA 0.5-Million-Year Record of Millennial-Scale Climate Variability in the North Atlantic
McManus, J. F., Oppo, D. W., & Cullen, J. L. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.283.5404.971 · Cited by 910
Pleistocene evolution: Northern hemisphere ice sheets and North Atlantic Ocean
Ruddiman, W. F., Raymo, M. E., Martinson, D. G., Clement, B. M., & Backman, J. (1989) · Paleoceanography · doi:10.1029/pa004i004p00353 · Cited by 844
Self-citationRegional climate shifts caused by gradual global cooling in the Pliocene epoch
Ravelo, A. C., Andreasen, D. H., Lyle, M., Olivarez Lyle, A., & Wara, M. W. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02567 · Cited by 675
Late Pliocene variation in northern hemisphere ice sheets and North Atlantic deep water circulation
Raymo, M. E., Ruddiman, W. F., Backman, J., Clement, B. M., & Martinson, D. G. (1989) · Paleoceanography · doi:10.1029/pa004i004p00413 · Cited by 598
Self-citation
Cited by
Early–Middle Pleistocene transitions: Linking terrestrial and marine realms
Head, M. J., & Gibbard, P. L. (2015) · Quaternary International · doi:10.1016/j.quaint.2015.09.042 · Cited by 306
Temperature and precipitation history of the Arctic
Miller, G. H., Brigham-Grette, J., Alley, R. B., Anderson, L., Bauch, H. A., Douglas, M. S. V., Edwards, M. E., Elias, S. A., Finney, B. P., Fitzpatrick, J. J., et al. (2010) · Quaternary Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2010.03.001 · Cited by 285
Oxygen Isotopes in Foraminifera: Overview and Historical Review
Pearson, P. N. (2012) · The Paleontological Society Papers · doi:10.1017/s1089332600002539 · Cited by 214
Metadata
- Authors
- Raymo, M. E., Lisiecki, L. E., & Nisancioglu, K. H.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2006-07-28
- Volume
- 313
- Issue
- 5786
- Pages
- 492-495
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2025997795
- Cited by
- 451
- References
- 34
- FWCI
- 11.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Plio-Pleistocene Ice Volume, Antarctic Climate, and the Global δ 18 O Record. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1126/science.1123296
- The paper
- Raymo, M. E., Lisiecki, L. E., & Nisancioglu, K. H. (2006). Plio-Pleistocene Ice Volume, Antarctic Climate, and the Global δ 18 O Record. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1123296
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
