The DOI matches its Crossref record; 77 of the 77 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Fluorescent Toolbox for Assessing Protein Location and Function
Abstract
Advances in molecular biology, organic chemistry, and materials science have recently created several new classes of fluorescent probes for imaging in cell biology. Here we review the characteristic benefits and limitations of fluorescent probes to study proteins. The focus is on protein detection in live versus fixed cells: determination of protein expression, localization, activity state, and the possibility for combination of fluorescent light microscopy with electron microscopy. Small organic fluorescent dyes, nanocrystals (“quantum dots”), autofluorescent proteins, small genetic encoded tags that can be complexed with fluorochromes, and combinations of these probes are highlighted.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Quantum Dots for Live Cells, in Vivo Imaging, and Diagnostics
Michalet, X., Pinaud, F. F., Bentolila, L. A., Tsay, J. M., Doose, S., Li, J. J., Sundaresan, G., Wu, A. M., Gambhir, S. S., & Weiss, S. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1104274 · Cited by 7,790
Tsien, R. Y. (1998) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev.biochem.67.1.509 · Cited by 6,143
Self-citationDeep tissue two-photon microscopy
Helmchen, F., & Denk, W. (2005) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth818 · Cited by 4,153
Nonlinear magic: multiphoton microscopy in the biosciences
Zipfel, W. R., Williams, R. M., & Webb, W. W. (2003) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt899 · Cited by 3,893
A guide to choosing fluorescent proteins
Shaner, N. C., Steinbach, P. A., & Tsien, R. Y. (2005) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth819 · Cited by 2,840
Self-citationShimomura, O., Johnson, F. H., & Saiga, Y. (1962) · Journal of Cellular and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1002/jcp.1030590302 · Cited by 2,384
Engineering and characterization of a superfolder green fluorescent protein
Pédelacq, J.-D., Cabantous, S., Tran, T., Terwilliger, T. C., & Waldo, G. S. (2006) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt1172 · Cited by 2,291
Gustafsson, M. G. L. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0406877102 · Cited by 2,224
Primary structure of the Aequorea victoria green-fluorescent protein
Prasher, D. C., Eckenrode, V. K., Ward, W. W., Prendergast, F. G., & Cormier, M. J. (1992) · Gene · doi:10.1016/0378-1119(92)90691-h · Cited by 2,177
Fluorescence Spectroscopy of Single Biomolecules
Weiss, S. (1999) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.283.5408.1676 · Cited by 2,046
Cited by
Aggregation-Induced Emission: Together We Shine, United We Soar!
Mei, J., Leung, N. L. C., Kwok, R. T. K., Lam, J. W. Y., & Tang, B. Z. (2015) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00263 · Cited by 8,270
HaloTag: A Novel Protein Labeling Technology for Cell Imaging and Protein Analysis
Los, G. V., Encell, L. P., McDougall, M. G., Hartzell, D. D., Karassina, N., Zimprich, C., Wood, M. G., Learish, R., Ohana, R. F., Urh, M., et al. (2008) · ACS Chemical Biology · doi:10.1021/cb800025k · Cited by 2,624
Imaging in the era of molecular oncology
Weissleder, R., & Pittet, M. J. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature06917 · Cited by 2,364
Highly multiplexed imaging of tumor tissues with subcellular resolution by mass cytometry
Giesen, C., Wang, H. A. O., Schapiro, D., Zivanovic, N., Jacobs, A., Hattendorf, B., Schüffler, P. J., Grolimund, D., Buhmann, J. M., Brandt, S., et al. (2014) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth.2869 · Cited by 1,951
Biosensors and their applications – A review
Mehrotra, P. (2016) · Journal of Oral Biology and Craniofacial Research · doi:10.1016/j.jobcr.2015.12.002 · Cited by 1,526
Metadata
- Authors
- Giepmans, B. N. G., Adams, S. R., Ellisman, M. H., & Tsien, R. Y.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2006-04-14
- Volume
- 312
- Issue
- 5771
- Pages
- 217-224
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W1974642741
- Cited by
- 2,770
- References
- 77
- FWCI
- 106.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The Fluorescent Toolbox for Assessing Protein Location and Function. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1126/science.1124618
- The paper
- Giepmans, B. N. G., Adams, S. R., Ellisman, M. H., & Tsien, R. Y. (2006). The Fluorescent Toolbox for Assessing Protein Location and Function. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1124618
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
