The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Synchrony, Waves, and Spatial Hierarchies in the Spread of Influenza
Abstract
Quantifying long-range dissemination of infectious diseases is a key issue in their dynamics and control. Here, we use influenza-related mortality data to analyze the between-state progression of interpandemic influenza in the United States over the past 30 years. Outbreaks show hierarchical spatial spread evidenced by higher pairwise synchrony between more populous states. Seasons with higher influenza mortality are associated with higher disease transmission and more rapid spread than are mild ones. The regional spread of infection correlates more closely with rates of movement of people to and from their workplaces (workflows) than with geographical distance. Workflows are described in turn by a gravity model, with a rapid decay of commuting up to around 100 km and a long tail of rare longer range flow. A simple epidemiological model, based on the gravity formulation, captures the observed increase of influenza spatial synchrony with transmissibility; high transmission allows influenza to spread rapidly beyond local spatial constraints.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Transmissibility of 1918 pandemic influenza
Mills, C. E., Robins, J. M., & Lipsitch, M. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature03063 · Cited by 796
Ecological and immunological determinants of influenza evolution.
Ferguson, N. M., Galvani, A. P., & Bush, R. M. (2003) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature01509 · Cited by 746
Studies of the community and family: acute respiratory illness and infection
Monto, A. S. (1994) · Epidemiologic Reviews · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.epirev.a036158 · Cited by 213
Cited by
Epidemic processes in complex networks
Pastor-Satorras, R., Castellano, C., Van Mieghem, P., & Vespignani, A. (2015) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.87.925 · Cited by 3,697
Barthélemy, M. (2011) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2010.11.002 · Cited by 2,469
Tian, H., Liu, Y., Li, Y., Wu, C.-H., Chen, B., Kraemer, M. U. G., Li, B., Cai, J., Xu, B., Yang, Q., et al. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abb6105 · Cited by 2,010
Self-citationThe Population Genetics of dN/dS
Kryazhimskiy, S., & Plotkin, J. B. (2008) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1000304 · Cited by 962
Population flow drives spatio-temporal distribution of COVID-19 in China
Jia, J. S., Lu, X., Yuan, Y., Xu, G., Jia, J., & Christakis, N. A. (2020) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2284-y · Cited by 835
Metadata
- Authors
- Viboud, C., Bjørnstad, O. N., Smith, D. L., Simonsen, L., Miller, M. A., & Grenfell, B. T.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2006-04-21
- Volume
- 312
- Issue
- 5772
- Pages
- 447-451
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2142703753
- Cited by
- 858
- References
- 3
- FWCI
- 25.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Synchrony, Waves, and Spatial Hierarchies in the Spread of Influenza. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1126/science.1125237
- The paper
- Viboud, C., Bjørnstad, O. N., Smith, D. L., Simonsen, L., Miller, M. A., & Grenfell, B. T. (2006). Synchrony, Waves, and Spatial Hierarchies in the Spread of Influenza. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1125237
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
