Why Testing Improves Memory: Mediator Effectiveness Hypothesis
Abstract
Testing not only evaluates the state of memory, but also improves memory more than restudy.
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References 4 · Cited by 371
- Authors
- Pyc, M. A., & Rawson, K. A.
- Affiliations
- Kent State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Pyc, Mary A.
- ORCID
- Rawson, Katherine A.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2010-10-15
- Volume
- 330
- Issue
- 6002
- Pages
- 335-335
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2046702882
- Cited by
- 371
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 27
- FWCI
- 12.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Second Language Acquisition and Learning
- Keywords
- testing effect, practice tests, restudy, retrieval, learning mechanisms
- MeSH terms
- Cues, Educational Measurement, Humans, Learning, Memory, Mental Recall
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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