The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Quantitative Analysis of Culture Using Millions of Digitized Books
Open accessAbstract
Linguistic and cultural changes are revealed through the analyses of words appearing in books.
Overview
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Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
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Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
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Citations
Cites
Halbwachs, M., & Coser, L. A. (1992) · doi:10.7208/chicago/9780226774497.001.0001 · Cited by 4,939
Cited by
Consensus measurement in Delphi studies
von der Gracht, H. A. (2012) · Technological Forecasting and Social Change · doi:10.1016/j.techfore.2012.04.013 · Cited by 1,831
Personality, Gender, and Age in the Language of Social Media: The Open-Vocabulary Approach
Schwartz, H. A., Eichstaedt, J. C., Kern, M. L., Dziurzynski, L., Ramones, S. M., Agrawal, M., Shah, A., Kosinski, M., Stillwell, D., Seligman, M. E. P., et al. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0073791 · Cited by 1,700
Shiller, R. J. (2017) · American Economic Review · doi:10.1257/aer.107.4.967 · Cited by 1,004
Swan, M. (2012) · Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks · doi:10.3390/jsan1030217 · Cited by 934
The Quantified Self: Fundamental Disruption in Big Data Science and Biological Discovery
Swan, M. (2013) · Big Data · doi:10.1089/big.2012.0002 · Cited by 931
Metadata
- Authors
- Michel, J.-B., Shen, Y. K., Aiden, A. P., Veres, A., Gray, M. K., The Google Books Team, Pickett, J. P., Hoiberg, D., Clancy, D., Norvig, P., Orwant, J., Pinker, S., Nowak, M. A., & Aiden, E. L.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2011-01-14
- Volume
- 331
- Issue
- 6014
- Pages
- 176-182
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2019096529
- Cited by
- 3,077
- References
- 1
- FWCI
- 2720.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
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How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Quantitative Analysis of Culture Using Millions of Digitized Books. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1126/science.1199644
- The paper
- Michel, J.-B., Shen, Y. K., Aiden, A. P., Veres, A., Gray, M. K., The Google Books Team, Pickett, J. P., Hoiberg, D., Clancy, D., Norvig, P., Orwant, J., Pinker, S., Nowak, M. A., & Aiden, E. L. (2011). Quantitative Analysis of Culture Using Millions of Digitized Books. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1199644
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
