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Design of Nonionic Surfactants for Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
Abstract
Interfacially active block copolymer amphiphiles have been synthesized and their self-assembly into micelles in supercritical carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) has been demonstrated with small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). These materials establish the design criteria for molecularly engineered surfactants that can stabilize and disperse otherwise insoluble matter into a CO 2 continuous phase. Polystyrene- b -poly(1,1-dihydroperfluorooctyl acrylate) copolymers self-assembled into polydisperse core-shell-type micelles as a result of the disparate solubility characteristics of the different block segments in CO 2 . These nonionic surfactants for CO 2 were shown by SANS to be capable of emulsifying up to 20 percent by weight of a CO 2 -insoluble hydrocarbon into CO 2 . This result demonstrates the efficacy of surfactant-modified CO 2 in reducing the large volumes of organic and halogenated solvent waste streams released into our environment by solvent-intensive manufacturing and process industries.
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Citations
Cited by
Pharmaceutical Processing with Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
Subramaniam, B., Rajewski, R. A., & Snavely, K. (1997) · Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences · doi:10.1021/js9700661 · Cited by 444
An Earth-like numerical dynamo model
Kuang, W., & Bloxham, J. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/38712 · Cited by 441
Extraction of a hydrophilic compound from water into liquid CO2 using dendritic surfactants
Cooper, A. I., Londono, J. D., Wignall, G., McClain, J. B., Samulski, E. T., Lin, J. S., Dobrynin, A., Rubinstein, M., Burke, A. L. C., Fréchet, J. M. J., et al. (1997) · Nature · doi:10.1038/38706 · Cited by 379
Self-citationAlonso, C., Eliash, R., Jensen, T. R., Kjaer, K., Lahav, M., & Leiserowitz, L. (2001) · Journal of the American Chemical Society · doi:10.1021/ja016732o · Cited by 21
Metadata
- Authors
- McClain, J. B., Betts, D. E., Canelas, D. A., Samulski, E. T., DeSimone, J. M., Londono, J. D., Cochran, H. D., Wignall, G. D., Chillura-Martino, D., & Triolo, R.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1996-12-20
- Volume
- 274
- Issue
- 5295
- Pages
- 2049-2052
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2049685850
- Cited by
- 278
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 11.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- McClain, J. B., Betts, D. E., Canelas, D. A., Samulski, E. T., DeSimone, J. M., Londono, J. D., Cochran, H. D., Wignall, G. D., Chillura-Martino, D., & Triolo, R. (1996). Design of Nonionic Surfactants for Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.274.5295.2049
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