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The Initial Domestication of Cucurbita pepo in the Americas 10,000 Years Ago
Abstract
Squash seeds, peduncles, and fruit rind fragments from Archaic period stratigraphic zones of Guilá Naquitz cave in Oaxaca, Mexico, are assigned to Cucurbita pepo on the basis of diagnostic morphological characters and identified as representing a domesticated plant on the basis of increased seed length and peduncle diameter, as well as changes in fruit shape and color, in comparison to wild Cucurbita gourds. Nine accelerator mass spectrometer radiocarbon dates on these specimens document the cultivation of C. pepo by the inhabitants of Guilá Naquitz cave between 10,000 to 8000 calendar years ago (9000 to 7000 carbon-14 years before the present), which predates maize, beans, and other directly dated domesticates in the Americas by more than 4000 years.
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Research works printed but not linked: 4
- B. D. Smith Latin Am. Antiq. in press.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Smith, B. D.
- Affiliations
- Smithsonian Institution (US)
- Corresponding author
- Smith, Bruce D.
- ORCID
- Smith, Bruce D.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1997-05-09
- Volume
- 276
- Issue
- 5314
- Pages
- 932-934
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2098958823
- Cited by
- 351
- References
- 7
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 27.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Archeology › Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Advances in Cucurbitaceae Research
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › History › Amazonian Archaeology and Ethnohistory
- Keywords
- Cucurbita pepo, Archaic period, pre-Columbian agriculture, seed morphology, fruit peel, radiocarbon dating, Oaxaca
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