Molecular Cloning and Expression of Neuroleukin, a Neurotrophic Factor for Spinal and Sensory Neurons
Abstract
A novel 56,000-dalton growth factor found in mouse salivary gland was purified, molecularly cloned, and expressed in monkey COS cells. The protein is a neurotrophic factor and also, surprisingly, a lymphokine product of lectin-stimulated T cells. The factor was therefore named neuroleukin. Neuroleukin promotes the survival in culture of a subpopulation of embryonic spinal neurons that probably includes skeletal motor neurons. Neuroleukin also supports the survival of cultured sensory neurons that are insensitive to nerve growth factor, but has no effect on sympathetic or parasympathetic neurons. The amino acid sequence of neuroleukin is partly homologous to a highly conserved region of the external envelope protein of HTLV-III/LAV, the retrovirus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome.
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NLK may support survival of sensory and spinal neurons and stimulate axonal growth.
“may support survival of sensory and spinal neurons and stimulate axonal growth [10–13]”
From Cerebrospinal fluid levels of the neurotrophic factor neuroleukin are increased in early Alzheimer’s disease, but not in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (2021) · cites this paper as [12]
NLK can act as a lymphokine.
“NLK is a 56-kDa multifunctional protein named after two of its functions: it can act as a neurotrophic factor and as a lymphokine [12].”
From Cerebrospinal fluid levels of the neurotrophic factor neuroleukin are increased in early Alzheimer’s disease, but not in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (2021) · cites this paper as [12]
NLK is a neurotrophic factor.
“NLK is a 56-kDa multifunctional protein named after two of its functions: it can act as a neurotrophic factor and as a lymphokine [12].”
From Cerebrospinal fluid levels of the neurotrophic factor neuroleukin are increased in early Alzheimer’s disease, but not in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (2021) · cites this paper as [12]
In the extracellular space, NLK supports neuronal survival and stimulates axonal growth.
“In the extracellular space NLK supports neuronal survival and stimulates axonal growth [10–13]”
From Cerebrospinal fluid levels of the neurotrophic factor neuroleukin are increased in early Alzheimer’s disease, but not in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (2021) · cites this paper as [12]
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References 62 · Cited by 331
- Authors
- Gurney, M. E., Heinrich, S. P., Lee, M. R., & Yin, H.-S.
- Affiliations
- University of Chicago (US)
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1986-10-31
- Volume
- 234
- Issue
- 4776
- Pages
- 566-574
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W1997146539
- Cited by
- 331
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 15.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (P01NS021442, 5PO1 NS-21442)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Nerve injury and regeneration
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Hereditary Neurological Disorders
- Keywords
- neuroleukin, neurotrophic factors, salivary glands, lymphokines, spinal cord neurons, sensory neurons, motor neuron survival, growth factor purification
- MeSH terms
- Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Cells, Cultured, Chick Embryo, Cloning, Molecular, DNA, Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase, Growth Substances, Lymphokines, Male, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Motor Neurons, Muscles, Nerve Growth Factors, Neurons, Neurons, Afferent, Salivary Glands, Spinal Cord, Mice
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