The DOI matches its Crossref record; 43 of the 43 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Breaking the limitation of polarization multiplexing in optical metasurfaces with engineered noise
Abstract
Noise is usually undesired yet inevitable in science and engineering. However, by introducing the engineered noise to the precise solution of Jones matrix elements, we break the fundamental limit of polarization multiplexing capacity of metasurfaces that roots from the dimension constraints of the Jones matrix. We experimentally demonstrate up to 11 independent holographic images using a single metasurface illuminated by visible light with different polarizations. To the best of our knowledge, it is the highest capacity reported for polarization multiplexing. Combining the position multiplexing scheme, the metasurface can generate 36 distinct images, forming a holographic keyboard pattern. This discovery implies a new paradigm for high-capacity optical display, information encryption, and data storage.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Optical Constants of the Noble Metals
Johnson, P. B., & Christy, R. W. (1972) · Physical Review B · doi:10.1103/physrevb.6.4370 · Cited by 20,094
Light Propagation with Phase Discontinuities: Generalized Laws of Reflection and Refraction
Yu, N., Genevet, P., Kats, M. A., Aieta, F., Tetienne, J.-P., Capasso, F., & Gaburro, Z. (2011) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1210713 · Cited by 10,361
Metalenses at visible wavelengths: Diffraction-limited focusing and subwavelength resolution imaging
Khorasaninejad, M., Chen, W. T., Devlin, R. C., Oh, J., Zhu, A. Y., & Capasso, F. (2016) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aaf6644 · Cited by 3,411
Metasurface Holograms Reaching 80% Efficiency
Zheng, G., Mühlenbernd, H., Kenney, M., Li, G., Zentgraf, T., & Zhang, S. (2015) · Nature Nanotechnology · doi:10.1038/nnano.2015.2 · Cited by 2,909
Arbabi, A., Horie, Y., Bagheri, M., & Faraon, A. (2015) · Nature Nanotechnology · doi:10.1038/nnano.2015.186 · Cited by 2,813
El Gamal, A., & Kim, Y.-H. (2011) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139030687 · Cited by 2,716
Dielectric Gradient Metasurface Optical Elements
Lin, D., Fan, P., Hasman, E., & Brongersma, M. L. (2014) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1253213 · Cited by 2,371
Gradient-index meta-surfaces as a bridge linking propagating waves and surface waves
Sun, S., He, Q., Xiao, S., Xu, Q., Li, X., & Zhou, L. (2012) · Nature Materials · doi:10.1038/nmat3292 · Cited by 2,071
Terahertz Metamaterials for Linear Polarization Conversion and Anomalous Refraction
Grady, N. K., Heyes, J. E., Chowdhury, D. R., Zeng, Y., Reiten, M. T., Azad, A. K., Taylor, A. J., Dalvit, D. A. R., & Chen, H.-T. (2013) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1235399 · Cited by 2,023
A broadband achromatic metalens in the visible
Wang, S., Wu, P. C., Su, V.-C., Lai, Y.-C., Chen, M.-K., Kuo, H. Y., Chen, B. H., Chen, Y. H., Huang, T.-T., Wang, J.-H., et al. (2018) · Nature Nanotechnology · doi:10.1038/s41565-017-0052-4 · Cited by 1,777
Self-citation
Cited by
Do dielectric bilayer metasurfaces behave as a stack of decoupled single-layer metasurfaces?
Palmieri, A., Dorrah, A. H., Yang, J., Oh, J., Dainese, P., & Capasso, F. (2024) · Optics Express · doi:10.1364/oe.505401 · Cited by 24
Metadata
- Authors
- Xiong, B., Liu, Y., Xu, Y., Deng, L., Chen, C.-W., Wang, J.-N., Peng, R., Lai, Y., Liu, Y., & Wang, M.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2023-01-20
- Volume
- 379
- Issue
- 6629
- Pages
- 294-299
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W4317497275
- Cited by
- 451
- References
- 43
- FWCI
- 26.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Breaking the limitation of polarization multiplexing in optical metasurfaces with engineered noise. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1126/science.ade5140
- The paper
- Xiong, B., Liu, Y., Xu, Y., Deng, L., Chen, C.-W., Wang, J.-N., Peng, R., Lai, Y., Liu, Y., & Wang, M. (2023). Breaking the limitation of polarization multiplexing in optical metasurfaces with engineered noise. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.ade5140
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
