The DOI matches its Crossref record; 8 of the 8 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Autophagosome Supports Coxsackievirus B3 Replication in Host Cells
Open accessAbstract
Recent studies suggest a possible takeover of host antimicrobial autophagy machinery by positive-stranded RNA viruses to facilitate their own replication. In the present study, we investigated the role of autophagy in coxsackievirus replication. Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), a picornavirus associated with viral myocarditis, causes pronounced intracellular membrane reorganization after infection. We demonstrate that CVB3 infection induces an increased number of double-membrane vesicles, accompanied by an increase of the LC3-II/LC3-I ratio and an accumulation of punctate GFP-LC3-expressing cells, two hallmarks of cellular autophagosome formation. However, protein expression analysis of p62, a marker for autophagy-mediated protein degradation, showed no apparent changes after CVB3 infection. These results suggest that CVB3 infection triggers autophagosome formation without promoting protein degradation by the lysosome. We further examined the role of the autophagosome in CVB3 replication. We demonstrated that inhibition of autophagosome formation by 3-methyladenine or small interfering RNAs targeting the genes critical for autophagosome formation (ATG7, Beclin-1, and VPS34 genes) significantly reduced viral replication. Conversely, induction of autophagy by rapamycin or nutrient deprivation resulted in increased viral replication. Finally, we examined the role of autophagosome-lysosome fusion in viral replication. We showed that blockage of the fusion by gene silencing of the lysosomal protein LAMP2 significantly promoted viral replication. Taken together, our results suggest that the host's autophagy machinery is activated during CVB3 infection to enhance the efficiency of viral replication.
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Cites
Autophagy in the Pathogenesis of Disease
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LC3, a mammalian homologue of yeast Apg8p, is localized in autophagosome membranes after processing.
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Impairment of starvation-induced and constitutive autophagy in Atg7 -deficient mice
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Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy in higher eukaryotes
Klionsky, D. J., Abeliovich, H., Agostinis, P., Agrawal, D. K., Aliev, G., Askew, D. S., Baba, M., Baehrecke, E. H., Bahr, B. A., Ballabio, A., et al. (2008) · Autophagy · doi:10.4161/auto.5338 · Cited by 2,230
Molecular dissection of autophagy: two ubiquitin-like systems
Ohsumi, Y. (2001) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/35056522 · Cited by 1,240 · cited 1×
“The formation and maturation of the autophagosome require the activation of two ubiquitin-like molecules, Atg8p (also known as LC3 [microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 in mammals]) and Atg12p, by the activating enzyme Atg7p (28).”
BackgroundKouroku, Y., Fujita, E., Tanida, I., Ueno, T., Isoai, A., Kumagai, H., Ogawa, S., Kaufman, R. J., Kominami, E., & Momoi, T. (2007) · Cell Death & Differentiation · doi:10.1038/sj.cdd.4401984 · Cited by 934
Beclin–phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase complex functions at the trans‐Golgi network
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Cited by
Autophagy and Viruses: Adversaries or Allies?
Dong, X., & Levine, B. (2013) · Journal of Innate Immunity · doi:10.1159/000346388 · Cited by 4,430
Coronavirus envelope protein: current knowledge
Schoeman, D., & Fielding, B. C. (2019) · Virology Journal · doi:10.1186/s12985-019-1182-0 · Cited by 2,074
Autophagy during viral infection — a double-edged sword
Choi, Y., Bowman, J. W., & Jung, J. U. (2018) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/s41579-018-0003-6 · Cited by 838
Autophagy-Independent Functions of the Autophagy Machinery
Galluzzi, L., & Green, D. R. (2019) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2019.05.026 · Cited by 863
“Rather, they involve the modulation of various components of the autophagic apparatus resulting in (1) increased availability of autophagosomes or other membranes that support viral replication via LC3 (Alirezaei et al., 2015; Wong et al., 2008); (2) diversion of the autophagic flux from lysosomal degradation, as a co…”
BackgroundMachinery, regulation and pathophysiological implications of autophagosome maturation
Zhao, Y. G., Codogno, P., & Zhang, H. (2021) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/s41580-021-00392-4 · Cited by 572
Metadata
- Authors
- Wong, J., Zhang, J., Si, X., Gao, G., Mao, I., McManus, B. M., & Luo, H.
- Venue
- Journal of Virology
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2008-09-15
- Volume
- 82
- Issue
- 18
- Pages
- 9143-9153
- ISSN
- 0022-538X (ISSN-L)
- 1098-5514
- OpenAlex
- W2111750260
- Cited by
- 376
- References
- 8
- FWCI
- 12.48
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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- Wong, J., Zhang, J., Si, X., Gao, G., Mao, I., McManus, B. M., & Luo, H. (2008). Autophagosome Supports Coxsackievirus B3 Replication in Host Cells. Journal of Virology. https://doi.org/10.1128/jvi.00641-08
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