Siderophores: More than Stealing Iron
Open accessAbstract
Siderophores are small molecular iron chelators that are produced by microbes and whose most notable function is to sequester iron from the host and provide this essential metal nutrient to microbes. Recent studies have proposed additional, noncanonical roles for siderophores, including the acquisition of noniron metals and modulation of host functions. Recently, Holden et al. (V. I. Holden, P. Breen, S. Houle, C. M. Dozois, and M. A. Bachman, mBio 7:e01397-16, 2016, http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mBio.01397-16) showed that siderophores secreted by Klebsiella pneumoniae during lung infection induce stabilization of the transcription factor HIF-1α, increase the expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the lung, and promote dissemination of K. pneumoniae to the spleen. Thus, their study demonstrated novel roles for siderophores in vivo, beyond iron sequestration. The interaction of siderophores with host cells further promotes the pathogenicity of K. pneumoniae and is likely relevant for other pathogens that also secrete siderophores in the host.
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Lcn-2 might accomplish such a role due to its ability to scavenge iron-loaded siderophores.
“Lcn-2 might accomplish such a role due to its ability to scavenge iron-loaded siderophores [117,118].”
From Iron as a central player and promising target in cancer progression (2019) · cites this paper as [117]
Siderophores are best characterized in bacteria, but eukaryotes including fungi and mammals produce siderophores too.
“These are best characterized in bacteria, but eukaryotes including fungi and mammals produce siderophores, too [16, 42, 67, 86, 106].”
From “Pumping iron”—how macrophages handle iron at the systemic, microenvironmental, and cellular levels (2017) · cites this paper as [16]
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References 166 · Cited by 79
- Authors
- Behnsen, J., & Raffatellu, M.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Irvine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Raffatellu, Manuela
- Venue
- mBio
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2016-12-30
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 6
- ISSN
- 2150-7511 (ISSN-L)
- 2161-2129
- PMC
- PMC5111413
- OpenAlex
- W2549771384
- Cited by
- 79
- References
- 166
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 5
- FWCI
- 7.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- mBio (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Endocrinology › Escherichia coli research studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Keywords
- siderophores, Klebsiella pneumoniae, iron acquisition, HIF-1α stabilization, inflammatory cytokines, pulmonary infection, bacterial dissemination, host-pathogen interaction, bacterial pathogenicity
- MeSH terms
- Iron, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Metals, Siderophores
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