Cited by 1,879Bacterial Genetics and BiotechnologyAntimicrobial Peptides and ActivitiesAntimicrobial agents and applications

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 230 of the 230 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Agents that increase the permeability of the outer membrane

Open access

Vaara, M·1992·Microbiological Reviews

DOI 10.1128/mr.56.3.395-411.1992PMC PMC372877

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria provides the cell with an effective permeability barrier against external noxious agents, including antibiotics, but is itself a target for antibacterial agents such as polycations and chelators. Both groups of agents weaken the molecular interactions of the lipopolysaccharide constituent of the outer membrane. Various polycations are able, at least under certain conditions, to bind to the anionic sites of lipopolysaccharide. Many of these disorganize and cross the outer membrane and render it permeable to drugs which permeate the intact membrane very poorly. These polycations include polymyxins and their derivatives, protamine, polymers of basic amino acids, compound 48/80, insect cecropins, reptilian magainins, various cationic leukocyte peptides (defensins, bactenecins, bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein, and others), aminoglycosides, and many more. However, the cationic character is not the sole determinant required for the permeabilizing activity, and therefore some of the agents are much more effective permeabilizers than others. They are useful tools in studies in which the poor permeability of the outer membrane poses problems. Some of them undoubtedly have a role as natural antibiotic substances, and they or their derivatives might have some potential as pharmaceutical agents in antibacterial therapy as well. Also, chelators (such as EDTA, nitrilotriacetic acid, and sodium hexametaphosphate), which disintegrate the outer membrane by removing Mg2+ and Ca2+, are effective and valuable permeabilizers.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1128/mr.56.3.395-411.1992

Cites

230 of 230 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Molecular basis of bacterial outer membrane permeability
Nikaido, H., & Vaara, M. (1985) · Microbiological Reviews · doi:10.1128/mr.49.1.1-32.1985 · Cited by 2,458
Self-citation
Magainins, a class of antimicrobial peptides from Xenopus skin: isolation, characterization of two active forms, and partial cDNA sequence of a precursor.
Zasloff, M. (1987) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.84.15.5449 · Cited by 2,305
Structure and Function of Lipopolysaccharide Binding Protein
Schumann, R. R., Leong, S. R., Flaggs, G., Gray, P. W., Wright, S. D., Mathison, J. C., Tobias, P. S., & Ulevitch, R. J. (1990) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2402637 · Cited by 1,672
The Release of Enzymes from Escherichia coli by Osmotic Shock and during the Formation of Spheroplasts
Neu, H. C., & HEPPEL, L. A. (1965) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/s0021-9258(18)97200-5 · Cited by 1,464
Defensins. Natural peptide antibiotics of human neutrophils.
Ganz, T., Selsted, M. E., Szklarek, D., Harwig, S. S. L., Daher, K. A., Bainton, D. F., & Lehrer, R. I. (1985) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci112120 · Cited by 1,416
Insect Immunity. Purification and Properties of Three Inducible Bactericidal Proteins from Hemolymph of Immunized Pupae of Hyalophora cecropia
Hultmark, D., Steiner, H., Rasmuson, T., & Boman, H. G. (1980) · European Journal of Biochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1980.tb05991.x · Cited by 1,007
Polymyxin and Related Peptide Antibiotics
Storm, D. R., Rosenthal, K. S., & Swanson, P. E. (1977) · Annual Review of Biochemistry · doi:10.1146/annurev.bi.46.070177.003451 · Cited by 759
Molecular architecture and functioning of the outer membrane of Escherichia coli and other gram-negative bacteria
Lugtenberg, B. J. J., & van Alphen, L. (1983) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Biomembranes · doi:10.1016/0304-4157(83)90014-x · Cited by 742
Interaction of human defensins with Escherichia coli. Mechanism of bactericidal activity.
Lehrer, R. I., Barton, A. P., Daher, K. A., Harwig, S. S. L., Ganz, T., & Selsted, M. E. (1989) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci114198 · Cited by 727
All-D amino acid-containing channel-forming antibiotic peptides.
Wade, D. C., Boman, A., Wåhlin, B., Drain, C. M., Andreu, D., Boman, H. G., & Merrifield, R. B. (1990) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.87.12.4761 · Cited by 677

Show all 229 references

Sorted by citations

Items 101–200 of 1,000

New β-Lactamase Inhibitors: a Therapeutic Renaissance in an MDR World
Drawz, S. M., Papp‐Wallace, K. M., & Bonomo, R. A. (2013) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.00826-13 · Cited by 287
Sensitization ofStaphylococcus aureusandEscherichia colito Antibiotics by the Sesquiterpenoids Nerolidol, Farnesol, Bisabolol, and Apritone
Brehm‐Stecher, B. F., & Johnson, E. A. (2003) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.47.10.3357-3360.2003 · Cited by 285
Regulation of polymyxin resistance and adaptation to low-Mg2+ environments
Groisman, E. A., Kayser, J., & Soncini, F. C. (1997) · Journal of Bacteriology · doi:10.1128/jb.179.22.7040-7045.1997 · Cited by 283
Antibiotic Hybrids: the Next Generation of Agents and Adjuvants against Gram-Negative Pathogens?
Domalaon, R., Idowu, T., Zhanel, G. G., & Schweizer, F. (2018) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.00077-17 · Cited by 287
Cellular impermeability and uptake of biocides and antibiotics in Gram-negative bacteria
Denyer, S. P., & Maillard, J. (2002) · Journal of Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2672.92.5s1.19.x · Cited by 278
Multidrug resistance in Gram-negative bacteria
Poole, K. (2001) · Current Opinion in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/s1369-5274(00)00242-3 · Cited by 277
Antimicrobial mechanism of action of surfactant lipid preparations in enteric Gram-negative bacilli
Hamouda, T., & Baker, J. R. (2000) · Journal of Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2672.2000.01127.x · Cited by 276
Commercial Essential Oils as Potential Antimicrobials to Treat Skin Diseases
Orchard, A., & van Vuuren, S. F. (2017) · Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1155/2017/4517971 · Cited by 282
Antibiotic Adjuvants: Make Antibiotics Great Again!
Douafer, H., Andrieu, V., Phanstiel, O., & Brunel, J. M. (2019) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01781 · Cited by 272
Polycationic photosensitizer conjugates: effects of chain length and Gram classification on the photodynamic inactivation of bacteria
Hamblin, M. R. (2002) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dkf053 · Cited by 269
Genome Diversity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 Laboratory Strains
Klockgether, J., Munder, A., Neugebauer, J., Davenport, C., Stanke, F., Larbig, K. D., Heeb, S., Schöck, U., Pohl, T., Wiehlmann, L., et al. (2009) · Journal of Bacteriology · doi:10.1128/jb.01515-09 · Cited by 264
Potential application of essential oils as antimicrobial preservatives in cheese
Khorshidian, N., Yousefi, M., Khanniri, E., & Mortazavian, A. M. (2017) · Innovative Food Science & Emerging Technologies · doi:10.1016/j.ifset.2017.09.020 · Cited by 275
The outer membrane of Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCTC 6749 contributes to its tolerance to the essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree oil)
Mann, C. M., Cox, S. D., & Markham, J. L. (2000) · Letters in Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1046/j.1472-765x.2000.00712.x · Cited by 261
Cationic Bactericidal Peptides
Hancock, R. E. W., Falla, T. J., & Brown, M. H. (1995) · Advances in microbial physiology/Advances in Microbial Physiology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2911(08)60145-9 · Cited by 261
Uptake pathways of anionic and cationic photosensitizers into bacteria
George, S., Hamblin, M. R., & Kishen, A. (2009) · Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences · doi:10.1039/b809624d · Cited by 259
Synthesis, properties, and photodynamic inactivation of Escherichia coli using a cationic and a noncharged Zn(II) pyridyloxyphthalocyanine derivatives
Scalise, I., & Durantini, E. N. (2005) · Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.bmc.2005.01.063 · Cited by 259
Targeted Antimicrobial Photochemotherapy
Soukos, N. S., Ximenez‐Fyvie, L., Hamblin, M. R., Socransky, S. S., & Hasan, T. G. (1998) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.42.10.2595 · Cited by 253
Aquatic biomass (algae) as a future feed stock for bio-refineries: A review on cultivation, processing and products
Bharathiraja, B., Chakravarthy, M., Ranjith Kumar, R., Yogendran, D., Yuvaraj, D., Jayamuthunagai, J., Praveen Kumar, R., & Palani, S. (2015) · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.rser.2015.03.047 · Cited by 251
Antimicrobial properties and action of galangal (Alpinia galanga Linn.) on Staphylococcus aureus
Oonmetta-aree, J., Suzuki, T., Gasaluck, P., & Eumkeb, G. (2005) · LWT · doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2005.06.015 · Cited by 251
The Biology of the PmrA/PmrB Two-Component System: The Major Regulator of Lipopolysaccharide Modifications
Chen, H. D., & Groisman, E. A. (2013) · Annual Review of Microbiology · doi:10.1146/annurev-micro-092412-155751 · Cited by 257
Analyzing bacterial extracellular vesicles in human body fluids by orthogonal biophysical separation and biochemical characterization
Tulkens, J., Wever, O. D., & Hendrix, A. (2019) · Nature Protocols · doi:10.1038/s41596-019-0236-5 · Cited by 258
Antibacterial action of a novel functionalized chitosan-arginine against Gram-negative bacteria
Tang, H. M., Zhang, P., Kieft, T. L., Ryan, S. J., Baker, S., Wiesmann, W. P., & Rogelj, S. (2010) · Acta Biomaterialia · doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2010.01.002 · Cited by 245
The antimicrobial effect of thyme essential oil, nisin and their combination against Escherichia coli O157:H7 in minced beef during refrigerated storage
Σολωμάκος, Ν., Govaris, A., Koidis, P., & Botsoglou, N. A. (2007) · Meat Science · doi:10.1016/j.meatsci.2007.11.014 · Cited by 243
Widely Used Benzalkonium Chloride Disinfectants Can Promote Antibiotic Resistance
Kim, M., Weigand, M. R., Oh, S., Hatt, J. K., Krishnan, R., Tezel, U., Pavlostathis, S. G., & Konstantinidis, K. T. (2018) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.01201-18 · Cited by 252
Antimicrobial Activity of Selected Phytochemicals against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus and Their Biofilms
Monte, J., Abreu, A. C., Borges, A. D. S., Simões, L. C., & Simões, M. V. (2014) · Pathogens · doi:10.3390/pathogens3020473 · Cited by 238
Polyethyleneimine is an effective permeabilizer of Gram negative bacteria
Helander, I. M., Alakomi, H.-L., Latva-Kala, K., & Koski, P. (1997) · Microbiology · doi:10.1099/00221287-143-10-3193 · Cited by 237
The challenge of converting Gram‐positive‐only compounds into broad‐spectrum antibiotics
Richter, M. F., & Hergenrother, P. J. (2018) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.13598 · Cited by 231
Molecular genetic analysis of a locus required for resistance to antimicrobial peptides in Salmonella typhimurium.
Parra-Lopez, C., Baer, M. T., & Groisman, E. A. (1993) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.1002/j.1460-2075.1993.tb06089.x · Cited by 230
Antimicrobial activity of some plant extracts and essential oils against foodborne pathogens in vitro and on the fate of inoculated pathogens in chocolate
Kotzekidou, P., Giannakidis, P., & Boulamatsis, A. (2007) · LWT · doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2007.01.016 · Cited by 231
Surface antimicrobial activity and biocompatibility of incorporated polyethylenimine nanoparticles
Beyth, N., Houri‐Haddad, Y., Baraness-Hadar, L., Yudovin-Farber, I., Domb, A. J., & Weiss, E. I. (2008) · Biomaterials · doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.07.003 · Cited by 225
Organic Acids and Meat Preservation: A Review
Theron, M. M., & Lues, J. F. R. (2007) · Food Reviews International · doi:10.1080/87559120701224964 · Cited by 225
Interactions of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid with sodium hypochlorite in aqueous solutions
Grawehr, M., Sener, B. C., Waltimo, T. M. T., & Zehnder, M. (2003) · International Endodontic Journal · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2591.2003.00670.x · Cited by 224
Modification of Membrane Permeability by Animal Viruses
Carrasco, L. (1995) · Advances in virus research · doi:10.1016/s0065-3527(08)60058-5 · Cited by 223
Antibacterial activity of essential oils from Eucalyptus and of selected components against multidrug-resistant bacterial pathogens
Mulyaningsih, S., Sporer, F., Reichling, J., & Wink, M. (2011) · Pharmaceutical Biology · doi:10.3109/13880209.2011.553625 · Cited by 221
Swarming motility: a multicellular behaviour conferring antimicrobial resistance
Lai, S., Tremblay, J., & Déziel, É. (2008) · Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2008.01747.x · Cited by 219
Tackling the outer membrane: facilitating compound entry into Gram-negative bacterial pathogens
Saxena, D., Maitra, R., Bormon, R., Czekanska, M., Meiers, J., Titz, A., Verma, S., & Chopra, S. (2023) · npj Antimicrobials and Resistance · doi:10.1038/s44259-023-00016-1 · Cited by 217
Lipid A Modifications Characteristic of Salmonella typhimurium Are Induced by NH4VO3 inEscherichia coli K12
Zhou, Z., Lin, S., Cotter, R. J., & Raetz, C. R. H. (1999) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.274.26.18503 · Cited by 214
Fighting biofilms with lantibiotics and other groups of bacteriocins
Mathur, H., Field, D., Rea, M. C., Cotter, P. D., Hill, C., & Ross, R. P. (2018) · npj Biofilms and Microbiomes · doi:10.1038/s41522-018-0053-6 · Cited by 223
Mechanism of Uptake of a Cationic Water-Soluble Pyridinium Zinc Phthalocyanine across the Outer Membrane of Escherichia coli
Minnock, A., Vernon, D. I., Schofield, J., Griffiths, J., Parish, J. H., & Brown, S. B. (2000) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.44.3.522-527.2000 · Cited by 212
Evaluation of the relatedness of Brucella spp. and Ochrobactrum anthropi and description of Ochrobactrum intermedium sp. nov., a new species with a closer relationship to Brucella spp.
Velasco, J., Romero, C., López‐Goñi, I., Leiva, J., Diaz, R., & Moriyón, I. (1998) · International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology · doi:10.1099/00207713-48-3-759 · Cited by 208
Characterization of Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor galU and galE Mutants: Influence on Lipopolysaccharide Structure, Colonization, and Biofilm Formation
Nesper, J., Lauriano, C. M., Klose, K. E., Kapfhammer, D., Kraiß, A., & Reidl, J. (2001) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.69.1.435-445.2001 · Cited by 207
Antimicrobial activity of cecropins
Moore, A., Beazley, W. D., Bibby, M. C., & DeVine, D. (1996) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/37.6.1077 · Cited by 206
Effect of ecological factors on the inhibitory spectrum and activity of bacteriocins
Gänzle, M. G. (1999) · International Journal of Food Microbiology · doi:10.1016/s0168-1605(98)00205-0 · Cited by 203
Spoilage‐related microbiota in fish and crustaceans during storage: Research progress and future trends
Zhuang, S., Hong, H., Zhang, L., & Luo, Y. (2020) · Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety · doi:10.1111/1541-4337.12659 · Cited by 202
Group of peptides that act synergistically with hydrophobic antibiotics against gram-negative enteric bacteria
Vaara, M., & Porro, M. (1996) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.40.8.1801 · Cited by 198
Self-citation
The Role of Outer Membrane Proteins and Lipopolysaccharides for the Sensitivity of Escherichia coli to Antimicrobial Peptides
Ebbensgaard, A. E., Mordhorst, H., Aarestrup, F. M., & Hansen, E. B. (2018) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2018.02153 · Cited by 197
Breaking Barriers: Expansion of the use of Endolysins as Novel Antibacterials Against Gram-Negative Bacteria
Briers, Y., & Lavigne, R. (2015) · Future Microbiology · doi:10.2217/fmb.15.8 · Cited by 196
Antibacterial activity of Acinetobacter baumannii phage ϕAB2 endolysin (LysAB2) against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria
Lai, M., Lin, N., Hu, A., Soo, P., Chen, L., Chen, L., & Chang, K. (2011) · Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology · doi:10.1007/s00253-011-3104-y · Cited by 195
A Novel Antimicrobial Endolysin, LysPA26, against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Guo, M., Feng, C., Ren, J., Zhuang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhu, Y., Dong, K., He, P., Guo, X., & Qin, J. (2017) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.00293 · Cited by 195
Involvement of waaY, waaQ, and waaP in the Modification of Escherichia coliLipopolysaccharide and Their Role in the Formation of a Stable Outer Membrane
Yethon, J. A., Heinrichs, D. E., Monteiro, M. A., Perry, M. B., & Whitfield, C. (1998) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.273.41.26310 · Cited by 194
Potent Synergy and Sustained Bactericidal Activity of a Vancomycin-Colistin Combination versus Multidrug-Resistant Strains of Acinetobacter baumannii
Gordon, N. C., P'ng, K. M. Y., & Wareham, D. W. (2010) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.00922-10 · Cited by 192
Interaction of antibacterial compounds with RND eﬄux pumps in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Dreier, J., & Ruggerone, P. (2015) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2015.00660 · Cited by 202
Antimicrobial Films Based on Na-alginate and κ-carrageenan
Cha, D., Choi, J. H., Chinnan, M. S., & Park, H. J. (2002) · LWT · doi:10.1006/fstl.2002.0928 · Cited by 190
Spontaneous pmrA mutants of Salmonella typhimurium LT2 define a new two-component regulatory system with a possible role in virulence
Roland, K. L., Martin, L. E., Esther, C. R., & Spitznagel, J. K. (1993) · Journal of Bacteriology · doi:10.1128/jb.175.13.4154-4164.1993 · Cited by 190
Antibacterial properties of cationic steroid antibiotics
Savage, P. B., Li, C., Taotafa, U., Ding, B., & Guan, Q. (2002) · FEMS Microbiology Letters · doi:10.1016/s0378-1097(02)01036-4 · Cited by 190
Multiple strategies to activate gold nanoparticles as antibiotics
Zhao, Y., & Jiang, X. (2013) · Nanoscale · doi:10.1039/c3nr01990j · Cited by 189
Viability states of bacteria—Specific mechanisms of selected probes
Sträuber, H., & Müller, S. (2010) · Cytometry Part A · doi:10.1002/cyto.a.20920 · Cited by 187
Multitarget Approaches against Multiresistant Superbugs
Gray, D. A., & Wenzel, M. (2020) · ACS Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1021/acsinfecdis.0c00001 · Cited by 194
Diverse Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Activities of Lactoferrins, Lactoferricins, and Other Lactoferrin-Derived Peptides
Gruden, Š., & Ulrih, N. P. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms222011264 · Cited by 187
Mechanisms of multidrug transporters
Bolhuis, H., van Veen, H. W., Poolman, B., Driessen, A. J. M., & Konings, W. N. (1997) · FEMS Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.1997.tb00345.x · Cited by 187
Discriminating between intra‐ and extracellular metals using chemical extractions
Hassler, C. S., Slaveykova, V. I., & Wilkinson, K. J. (2004) · Limnology and Oceanography Methods · doi:10.4319/lom.2004.2.237 · Cited by 186
Surface display of Zymomonas mobilis levansucrase by using the ice-nucleation protein of Pseudomonas syringae
Jung, H.-C., Lebeault, J. M., & Pan, J. (1998) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/nbt0698-576 · Cited by 186
Comparison of Techniques and Solvents on the Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Potential of Extracts from Acacia dealbata and Olea europaea
Borges, A., José, H., Homem, V., & Simões, M. (2020) · Antibiotics · doi:10.3390/antibiotics9020048 · Cited by 184
“The presence of an outer 39 membrane in Gram‐negative bacteria acts as a powerful barrier, restricting the diffusion of 40 compounds through its lipopolysaccharide layer [56].”
Background
Construction of a Soluble Adenylyl Cyclase Activated by G s α and Forskolin
Tang, W., & Gilman, A. G. (1995) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7792604 · Cited by 184
Bifunctional antimicrobial conjugates and hybrid antimicrobials
Klahn, P., & Brönstrup, M. (2017) · Natural Product Reports · doi:10.1039/c7np00006e · Cited by 183
Lipopolysaccharides of polymyxin B‐resistant mutants of Escherichia coii are extensively substituted by 2‐aminoethyl pyrophosphate and contain aminoarabinose in lipid A
Nummila, K., Kilpeläinen, I., Zähringer, U., Vaara, M., & Helander, I. (1995) · Molecular Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1995.tb02299.x · Cited by 181
Self-citation
A Gestalt approach to Gram-negative entry
Silver, L. L. (2016) · Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.bmc.2016.06.044 · Cited by 179
Synthesis and Solution Structure of the Antimicrobial Peptide Protegrin‐1
Aumelas, A., Mangoni, M. E., Roumestand, C., Chiche, L., Despaux, E., Grassy, G., Calas, B., & Chavanieu, A. (1996) · European Journal of Biochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1996.0575p.x · Cited by 179
Surface action of gentamicin on Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Kadurugamuwa, J. L., Clarke, A. J., & Beveridge, T. J. (1993) · Journal of Bacteriology · doi:10.1128/jb.175.18.5798-5805.1993 · Cited by 176
Toll‐like receptors 2 and 4 mediate Aβ(1–42) activation of the innate immune response in a human monocytic cell line
Udan, M. L. D., Ajit, D., Crouse, N. R., & Nichols, M. R. (2007) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.05001.x · Cited by 179
Permeability barriers of Gram‐negative pathogens
Zgurskaya, H. I., & Rybenkov, V. V. (2019) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/nyas.14134 · Cited by 175
Bacterial lipopolysaccharides—Themes and variations
Wilkinson, S. G. (1996) · Progress in Lipid Research · doi:10.1016/s0163-7827(96)00004-5 · Cited by 175
Antibiotic-supersusceptible mutants of Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium
Vaara, M. (1993) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.37.11.2255 · Cited by 173
Self-citation
Interplay between the MexA-MexB-OprM multidrug efflux system and the outer membrane barrier in the multiple antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Li, X.-Z., Zhang, L., & Poole, K. (2000) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/45.4.433 · Cited by 173
Surface-Localized Spermidine Protects the Pseudomonas aeruginosa Outer Membrane from Antibiotic Treatment and Oxidative Stress
Johnson, L., Mulcahy, H., Kanevets, U., Shi, Y., & Lewenza, S. (2011) · Journal of Bacteriology · doi:10.1128/jb.05230-11 · Cited by 172
Transposon-Derived Brucella abortus Rough Mutants Are Attenuated and Exhibit Reduced Intracellular Survival
Allen, C. A., Adams, L. G., & Ficht, T. A. (1998) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.66.3.1008-1016.1998 · Cited by 172
Effect of 1-(1-naphthylmethyl)-piperazine, a novel putative efflux pump inhibitor, on antimicrobial drug susceptibility in clinical isolates of Escherichia coli
Kern, W. V., Steinke, P., Schumacher, A., Schuster, S., von Baum, H., & Bohnert, J. A. (2005) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dki445 · Cited by 172
The Potential of Antimicrobial Peptides as Biocides
Laverty, G., Gorman, S. P., & Gilmore, B. (2011) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms12106566 · Cited by 171
Quaternized Silicon Nanoparticles with Polarity‐Sensitive Fluorescence for Selectively Imaging and Killing Gram‐Positive Bacteria
Zhang, X., Chen, X., Yang, J., Jia, H., Li, Y., Chen, Z., & Wu, F. (2016) · Advanced Functional Materials · doi:10.1002/adfm.201602185 · Cited by 171
In Vitro Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activity of Commercial Rosemary Extract Formulations
Klančnik, A., Guzej, B., Kolar, M. H., Abramovič, H., & Možina, S. S. (2009) · Journal of Food Protection · doi:10.4315/0362-028x-72.8.1744 · Cited by 170
Antibiotic Adjuvants: A Versatile Approach to Combat Antibiotic Resistance
Dhanda, G., Acharya, Y., & Haldar, J. (2023) · ACS Omega · doi:10.1021/acsomega.3c00312 · Cited by 170
Photocatalysis and disinfection of water: Identification of potential bacterial targets
Pigeot-Rémy, S., Simonet, F., Errazuriz-Cerda, E., Lazzaroni, J. C., Atlan, D., & Guillard, C. (2011) · Applied Catalysis B: Environmental · doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2011.03.001 · Cited by 169
Temperature‐regulated efflux pump/potassium antiporter system mediates resistance to cationic antimicrobial peptides in Yersinia
Bengoechea, J. A., & Skurnik, M. (2000) · Molecular Microbiology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01956.x · Cited by 169
Outer membrane permeability barrier to azithromycin, clarithromycin, and roxithromycin in gram-negative enteric bacteria
Vaara, M. (1993) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.37.2.354 · Cited by 169
Self-citation
G-protein ligands inhibit in vitro reactions of vacuole inheritance.
Haas, A., Conradt, B., & Wickner, W. T. (1994) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.126.1.87 · Cited by 168
Increased substitution of phosphate groups in lipopolysaccharides and lipid A of the polymyxin‐resistant pmrA mutants of Salmonella typhimurium: a 31P‐NMR study
Helander, I. M., Kilpeläinen, I., & Vaara, M. (1994) · Molecular Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb00329.x · Cited by 168
Self-citation
The Neisseria meningitidis Capsule Is Important for Intracellular Survival in Human Cells
Spinosa, M. R., Progida, C., Talà, A., Cogli, L., Alifano, P., & Bucci, C. (2007) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.01945-06 · Cited by 168
Multidrug efflux inhibition in Acinetobacter baumannii: comparison between 1-(1-naphthylmethyl)-piperazine and phenyl-arginine-β-naphthylamide
Pannek, S., Higgins, P. G., Steinke, P., Jonas, D., Akova, M., Bohnert, J. A., Seifert, H., & Kern, W. V. (2006) · Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy · doi:10.1093/jac/dkl081 · Cited by 168
Improvement of outer membrane-permeabilizing and lipopolysaccharide-binding activities of an antimicrobial cationic peptide by C-terminal modification
Piers, K. L., Brown, M. H., & Hancock, R. E. W. (1994) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.38.10.2311 · Cited by 167
Permeability barrier of the Gram-negative bacterial outer membrane with special reference to nisin
Helander, I. M., & Mattila, T. (2000) · International Journal of Food Microbiology · doi:10.1016/s0168-1605(00)00307-x · Cited by 166
Structure−Function Studies of Polymyxin B Nonapeptide: Implications to Sensitization of Gram-Negative Bacteria
Tsubery, H., Ofek, I., Cohen, S., & Fridkin, M. (2000) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jm0000057 · Cited by 166
An Undecaprenyl Phosphate-Aminoarabinose Flippase Required for Polymyxin Resistance in Escherichia coli
Yan, A., Guan, Z., & Raetz, C. R. H. (2007) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m706172200 · Cited by 165
Use of bacteriophage endolysin EL188 and outer membrane permeabilizers against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Briers, Y., Walmagh, M., & Lavigne, R. (2011) · Journal of Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2010.04931.x · Cited by 164
Antibacterial activity of chemically defined chitosans: Influence of molecular weight, degree of acetylation and test organism
Mellegård, H., Strand, S. P., Christensen, B. E., Granum, P. E., & Hardy, S. P. (2011) · International Journal of Food Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2011.04.023 · Cited by 170
The Target of Daptomycin Is Absent from Escherichia coli and Other Gram-Negative Pathogens
Randall, C. P., Mariner, K. R., Chopra, I., & O’Neill, A. J. (2012) · Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1128/aac.02005-12 · Cited by 163
The outer membranes of Brucella spp. are resistant to bactericidal cationic peptides
de Tejada, G. M., Pizarro‐Cerdá, J., Moreno, E., & Moriyón, I. (1995) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.63.8.3054-3061.1995 · Cited by 162
Antimicrobial treatment concepts for orthopaedic device-related infection
Sendi, P., & Zimmerli, W. (2012) · Clinical Microbiology and Infection · doi:10.1111/1469-0691.12003 · Cited by 160
PhoPQ-Mediated Regulation Produces a More Robust Permeability Barrier in the Outer Membrane ofSalmonella entericaSerovar Typhimurium
Murata, T., Tseng, W.-J., Guina, T., Miller, S. I., & Nikaido, H. (2007) · Journal of Bacteriology · doi:10.1128/jb.00973-07 · Cited by 157
Characterization of Modular Bacteriophage Endolysins from Myoviridae Phages OBP, 201φ2-1 and PVP-SE1
Walmagh, M., Briers, Y., Santos, S. R. B., Azeredo, J., & Lavigne, R. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0036991 · Cited by 156
Antioxidant and antibacterial activities, mineral and essential oil composition of spearmint ( Mentha spicata L.) affected by the potassium levels
Chrysargyris, A., Xylia, P., Botsaris, G., & Tzortzakis, N. (2017) · Industrial Crops and Products · doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2017.04.010 · Cited by 156

Authors: Vaara, M.
Affiliations: University of Helsinki (FI)
Corresponding author: Vaara, M
ORCID: Vaara, M
Venue: Microbiological Reviews
Publisher: American Society for Microbiology
Published: 1992-09
Volume: 56
Issue: 3
Pages: 395-411
ISSN: 0146-0749 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1128/mr.56.3.395-411.1992
PMC: PMC372877
OpenAlex: W1895129045
Cited by: 1,879
References: 229
Citations by year: 2026: 33 · 2025: 73 · 2024: 48 · 2023: 70 · 2022: 89 · 2021: 104 · 2020: 75 · 2019: 99 · 2018: 75 · 2017: 91 · 2016: 91 · 2015: 72 · 2014: 77 · 2013: 79 · 2012: 77
FWCI: 16.64
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: diamond
doi.org
Licence: journals.asm.org/non-commercial-tdm-license (tdm)
Locations: Microbiological Reviews (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Microbiology › Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology › Antimicrobial agents and applications
Keywords: outer membrane permeabilization, Gram-negative bacterial outer membrane, lipopolysaccharide, cationic polymers, cationic antimicrobial peptides, polymyxins, magainin, cecropin, defensins, bactenecin, bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein, aminoglycosides, chelating agents, EDTA, antibiotic resistance, antibacterial agents
MeSH terms: Amino Acid Sequence, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins, Cell Membrane Permeability, Drug Resistance, Microbial, Gram-Negative Bacteria, Lipopolysaccharides, Molecular Sequence Data

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Agents that increase the permeability of the outer membrane

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks