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A case-control study of smoking and sudden infant death syndrome in the Scandinavian countries, 1992 to 1995

Alm, B, Milerad, J, Wennergren, G, Skjarven, R, Oyen, N, Norvenius, G, Daltveit, A-K, Helweg-Larsen, K, Markestad, T, Irgens, L M·1998·Archives of Disease in Childhood
DOI 10.1136/adc.78.4.329
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  1. Ängelholm; N W Svenningsen, Lund; P Henriksson, Helsing- borg; D Andersson, Halmstad; R Olegård and T Cederquist, Mölndal; M Lichtenstein, Uddevalla; L Hammarén, Borås; L Inganäs and U Selstam, Vänersborg-Trollhättan; K Rex, Skövde; C Lindgren, Karlstad; L Ekholm, Örebro; B Malm- ström, Västerås; B Eckerberg, Falun; K Hedberg, Gävle; R Sidenvall, Hudiksvall; S Mjönes, Sundsvall; I Axelsson, Östersund; S Håkansson, Umeå; M Jurvanen, Boden; C Nilsson, Gällivare; A Lind, Kalmar; Norway-L Stoltenberg, R Lindemann, J Grøgaard, A Whitelaw, Oslo; A Ernø, Nordby- hagen; S-H Anderssen, Fredrikstad; R Palat, Elverum; H Fars- tad, P Christensen, Lillehammer; H Bævre, K Iversen, Gjøvik; A W Søyland, K Brekke, Drammen; R Solberg, Tønsberg; S Slinde, Porsgrunn; Å Lærdal, Stavanger; G Stangeland, Kristiansand; P Scheel, Arendal; B Skadberg, Bergen; K Sydnes, Haugesund; H Thomassen, Ålesund; A Alme, Volda; A-M Eds- berg, Kristiansund; A S Haga, Nordfjordeid; J Moldestad, Førde; S Slørdahl, Trondheim; S Børsting, Levanger; J Holt, Bodø; C Møller, Tromsø; H Dramsdahl, Harstad; H P Fundingsrud, Hammerfest; Denmark-the Danish midwives in cooperation with K Kock, Odense; M Gregersen, Århus. 1 Steele R, Langworth JT. The relationship of antenatal and postnatal factors to sudden unexpected death in infancy. Can Med Assoc J 1966;94:1165.
  2. Rintahaka PJ, Hirvonen J. The epidemiology of sudden infant death syndrome in Finland in 1969-1980. Forensic Sci Int 1986;30:219-33.
  3. Kraus JF, Greenland S, Bulterys M. Risk factors for sudden infant death syndrome in the US Collaborative Perinatal Project. Int J Epidemiol 1989;18:113-20.
  4. Bulterys MG, Greenland S, Kraus JF. Chronic fetal hypoxia and sudden infant death syndrome: interaction between maternal smoking and low hematocrit during pregnancy. Pediatrics 1990;86:535-40.
  5. McGlashan ND. Sudden infant deaths in Tasmania, 1980- 1986: a seven year prospective study. Soc Sci Med 1989;29: 1015-26.
  6. Mitchell EA, Scragg R, Stewart AW, et al. Results from the first year of the New Zealand cot death study. NZ Med J 1991;104:71-6.
  7. Schoendorf KC, Kiely JL. Relationship of sudden infant death syndrome to maternal smoking during and after pregnancy . Pediatrics 1992;90:905-8.
  8. Mitchell EA, Stewart AW, Scragg R, et al. Ethnic differences in mortality from sudden infant death syndrome in New Zealand . BMJ 1993;306:13-16.
  9. Mitchell EA, Ford RP, Stewart AW, et al. Smoking and the sudden infant death syndrome. Pediatrics 1993;91:893-6.
  10. Scragg R, Mitchell EA, Taylor BJ, et al. Bed sharing, smok- ing, and alcohol in the sudden infant death syndrome. New Zealand Cot Death Study Group. BMJ 1993;307:1312-18.
  11. KlonoV CH, Edelstein SL, Lefkowitz ES, et al. The eVect of passive smoking and tobacco exposure through breast milk on sudden infant death syndrome. JAMA 1995;273:795-8.
  12. Golding J. Sudden infant death syndrome and parental smoking: a literature review. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 1997;11:67-77.
  13. Gregersen M, Rajs J, Laursen H. Pathologic criteria for the Nordic Study of SIDS. In: Rognum TO, ed. Sudden infant death syndrome. New trends in the nineties. Oslo: Scandina- vian University Press, 1995:50-8.
  14. Øyen N, Markestad T, Skjærven R, et al. Combined eVects of sleeping position and prenatal risk factors in sudden infant death syndrome: the Nordic Epidemiological SIDS Study. Pediatrics 1997;100:613-21.
  15. Coughlin SS, Benichou J, Weed DL. Attributable risk estimation in case-control studies. Epidemiol Rev 1994;16: 51-64.
  16. Kinney HC, O'Donnell TJ, Kriger P, White WF. Early developmental changes in [3H] nicotine binding in the human brainstem. Neuroscience 1993;55:1127-38.
  17. Holgert H, Hokfelt T, Hertzberg T, Lagercrantz H. Functional and developmental studies of the peripheral arterial chemoreceptors in rat: eVects of nicotine and pos- sible relation to sudden infant death syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995;92:7575-9.
  18. Milerad J, Larsson H, Lin J, Sundell HW. Nicotine attenu- ates the ventilatory response to hypoxia in the developing lamb. Pediatr Res 1995;37:652-60.
  19. Slotkin TA, Lappi SE, McCook EC, Lorber BA, Seidler FJ. Loss of neonatal hypoxia tolerance after prenatal nicotine exposure: implications for sudden infant death syndrome. Brain Res Bull 1995;38:69-75.
  20. Lewis KW, Bosque EM. Deficient hypoxia awakening response in infants of smoking mothers: possible relation- ship to sudden infant death syndrome. J Pediatr 1995;127: 691-9.
  21. Hanrahan JP, Tager IB, Segal MR, et al. The eVect of mater- nal smoking during pregnancy on early infant lung function. Am Rev Respir Dis 1992;145:1129-35.
  22. Lindgren C. Respiratory syncytial virus and the sudden infant death syndrome. Acta Paediatr Suppl 1993;389:67-9.
  23. Weinberg CR. Toward a clearer definition of confounding. Am J Epidemiol 1993;137:1-8.
  24. Blair PS, Fleming PJ, Bensley D, et al. Smoking and the sudden infant death syndrome: results from 1993-5 case-control study for confidential inquiry into stillbirths and deaths in infancy. Confidential Enquiry into Stillbirths and Deaths Regional Coordinators and Researchers. BMJ 1996;313:195-8.
  25. Haglund B, Cnattingius S. Cigarette smoking as a risk fac- tor for sudden infant death syndrome: a population-based study. Am J Public Health 1990;80:29-32.
  26. Milerad J, Lagercrantz H, Norvenius G, Wennergren G. [Depressing development since the 1970s. The incidence of sudden infant death has doubled in all Scandinavian countries]. Läkartidningen 1992;89:1996-8.

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Metadata

Authors
Alm, B., Milerad, J., Wennergren, G., Skjarven, R., Oyen, N., Norvenius, G., Daltveit, A.-K., Helweg-Larsen, K., Markestad, T., & Irgens, L. M.
Venue
Archives of Disease in Childhood
Publisher
BMJ
Published
1998-04-01
Volume
78
Issue
4
Pages
329-334
ISSN
  • 0003-9888
  • 1468-2044
DOI
10.1136/adc.78.4.329
Cited by
86
References
1
Language
en

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