The DOI matches its Crossref record; 74 of the 74 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Evaluation of clinical prediction models (part 2): how to undertake an external validation study
Open accessAbstract
External validation studies are an important but often neglected part of prediction model research. In this article, the second in a series on model evaluation, Riley and colleagues explain what an external validation study entails and describe the key steps involved, from establishing a high quality dataset to evaluating a model’s predictive performance and clinical usefulness.
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Cites
Harrell (2015) · Springer Series in Statistics · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-19425-7 · Cited by 6,878
Decision curve analysis: a novel method for evaluating prediction models
Vickers, A. J., & Elkin, E. B. (2006) · Medical Decision Making · doi:10.1177/0272989x06295361 · Cited by 6,341
A note on a general definition of the coefficient of determination
NAGELKERKE, N. J. D. (1991) · Biometrika · doi:10.1093/biomet/78.3.691 · Cited by 5,927
Moons, K. G. M., Altman, D. G., Reitsma, J. B., Ioannidis, J. P. A., Macaskill, P., Steyerberg, E. W., Vickers, A. J., Ransohoff, D. F., & Collins, G. S. (2015) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/m14-0698 · Cited by 5,147
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Clinical Prediction Models: A Practical Approach to Development, Validation, and Updating
Steyerberg, E. W. (2019) · Statistics for Biology and Health · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-16399-0 · Cited by 3,281
Collins, G. S., Reitsma, J. B., Altman, D. G., & Moons, K. G. M. (2015) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/m14-0697 · Cited by 3,267
Self-citationPROBAST: A Tool to Assess the Risk of Bias and Applicability of Prediction Model Studies
Wolff, R. F., Moons, K. G. M., Riley, R. D., Whiting, P. F., Westwood, M., Collins, G. S., Reitsma, J. B., Kleijnen, J., Mallett, S., & for the PROBAST Group† (2019) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/m18-1376 · Cited by 2,984
Self-citationCalculating the sample size required for developing a clinical prediction model
Riley, R. D., Ensor, J., Snell, K. I. E., Harrell, F. E., Martin, G. P., Reitsma, J. B., Moons, K. G. M., Collins, G., & van Smeden, M. (2020) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.m441 · Cited by 2,917 · cited 1×
“38 Another overall measure of fit is the mean squared error of predictions, which for continuous outcomes can be obtained on external validation by calculating the mean of the squared difference between”
BackgroundAntlanger, M., Aschauer, S., Kopecky, C., Hecking, M., Kovarik, J. J., Werzowa, J., Mascherbauer, J., Genser, B., Säemann, M. D., & Bonderman, D. (2017) · Kidney and Blood Pressure Research · doi:10.1159/000473868 · Cited by 2,808
Cited by
Collins, G. S., Moons, K. G. M., Dhiman, P., Riley, R. D., Beam, A. L., Van Calster, B., Ghassemi, M., Liu, X., Reitsma, J. B., van Smeden, M., et al. (2024) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj-2023-078378 · Cited by 4,718
Self-citationMoons, K. G. M., Damen, J. A. A., Kaul, T., Hooft, L., Andaur Navarro, C., Dhiman, P., Beam, A. L., Van Calster, B., Celi, L. A., Denaxas, S., et al. (2025) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj-2024-082505 · Cited by 1,069
Self-citationEvaluation of clinical prediction models (part 1): from development to external validation
Collins, G. S., Dhiman, P., Ma, J., Schlussel, M. M., Archer, L., Van Calster, B., Harrell, F. E., Martin, G. P., Moons, K. G. M., van Smeden, M., et al. (2024) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj-2023-074819 · Cited by 798
Self-citationDeveloping clinical prediction models: a step-by-step guide
Efthimiou, O., Seo, M., Chalkou, K., Debray, T., Egger, M., & Salanti, G. (2024) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj-2023-078276 · Cited by 544
Metadata
- Authors
- Riley, R. D., Archer, L., Snell, K. I. E., Ensor, J., Dhiman, P., Martin, G. P., Bonnett, L. J., & Collins, G. S.
- Venue
- BMJ
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2024-01-15
- Volume
- 384
- Pages
- e074820
- ISSN
- 1756-1833 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4390876555
- Cited by
- 401
- References
- 74
- FWCI
- 133.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
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