Cited by 241Cardiovascular Health and Risk FactorsHealth Promotion and Cardiovascular PreventionDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins

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Changes in population cholesterol concentrations and other cardiovascular risk factor levels after five years of the non-communicable disease intervention programme in Mauritius

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Dowse, Gary K, Gareeboo, Hassam, Alberti, K George M M, Zimmet, Paul, Tuomilehto, Jaakko, Purran, Anil, Fareed, Djamil, Chitsono, Pierrot, Collins, Veronica R, Hemraj, Farojdeo·1995·BMJ

DOI 10.1136/bmj.311.7015.1255PMC PMC2551180

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Abstract

Objective : To study changes in the prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular disease after a five year population-wide intervention programme promoting a healthy lifestyle in a developing country. Design : Cross sectional cluster surveys in 1987 and 1992. Methodology included a two hour 75 g oral glucose tolerance test, measurement of body mass index, waist:hip ratio, basal lipid concentrations, and blood pressure; and a lifestyle questionnaire. Setting : Mauritius, in the Indian Ocean. Subjects : All adults aged 25-74 years residing in geographically defined clusters. Main outcome measures : Age standardised prevalence of categorical disease and risk factor conditions and mean levels and frequency distributions of continuous variables. Results : Response rates were 86.2% (5080/5892) in 1987 and 89.5% (5162/5770) in 1992. Significant decreases were found in the prevalence of hypertension (15.0% to 12.1% in men and 12.4% to 10.9% in women); cigarette smoking (58.2% to 47.2% and 6.9% to 3.7% respectively); and heavy alcohol consumption (38.2% to 14.4% and 2.6% to 0.6% respectively). Moderate leisure physical activity increased from 16.9% to 22.1% in men and from 1.3% to 2.7% in women. Mean population serum total cholesterol concentration fell appreciably from 5.5 mmol/l to 4.7 mmol/l (P<0.001). The prevalence of overweight or obesity increased, and the rates of glucose intolerance changed little. The population frequency distributions of blood pressure, serum lipid concentration, and a composite risk factor score shifted advantageously. Conclusions : Lifestyle intervention projects can be implemented and have positive effects in developing countries. A pronounced improvement in the population lipid profile in Mauritius was probably related to a change in the saturated fat content of a widely used cooking oil.

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Authors: Dowse, G. K., Gareeboo, H., Alberti, K. G. M. M., Zimmet, P., Tuomilehto, J., Purran, A., Fareed, D., Chitsono, P., Collins, V. R., & Hemraj, F.
Affiliations: Ministry of Health and Quality of Life (MU)
Newcastle University (GB)
World Health Organization (CH)
Corresponding author: Dowse, Gary K
ORCID: Zimmet, Paul
Tuomilehto, Jaakko
Venue: BMJ
Publisher: BMJ
Published: 1995-11-11
Volume: 311
Issue: 7015
Pages: 1255-1259
ISSN: 0007-1447 (ISSN-L)
0959-8138
1468-5833
DOI: 10.1136/bmj.311.7015.1255
PMC: PMC2551180
OpenAlex: W1600657626
Cited by: 241
References: 31
Citations by year: 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 16
FWCI: 4.27
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: www.bmj.com/company/legal-information/terms-conditions/legal-information/tdm-licencepolicy (tdm)
Locations: BMJ (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
STM:n Hallinnonalan avoin julkaisuarkisto (Julkari) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (2r01dk025446-18)
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK-25446)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Health Promotion and Cardiovascular Prevention
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Keywords: cardiovascular risk factors, non-communicable disease prevention, hypertension prevalence, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, physical activity, total cholesterol, serum lipids, obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, blood pressure, risk factor score, saturated fat, cooking oil, Mauritius
MeSH terms: Adult, Aged, Blood Pressure, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cholesterol, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Glucose Tolerance Test, Health Promotion, Humans, Hypertension, Life Style, Lipids, Male, Mauritius, Middle Aged, Obesity, Uric Acid, Body Mass Index

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Changes in population cholesterol concentrations and other cardiovascular risk factor levels after five years of the non-communicable disease intervention programme in Mauritius

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