The DOI matches its Crossref record; 21 of the 21 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Changing trends in suicide rates in south korea from 1993 to 2016: a descriptive study.
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES: The South Korean government has recently implemented policies to prevent suicide. However, there were few studies examining the recent changing trends in suicide rates. This study aims to examine the changing trends in suicide rates by time and age group. DESIGN: A descriptive study using nationwide mortality rates. SETTING: Data on the nationwide cause of death from 1993 to 2016 were obtained from Statistics Korea. PARTICIPANTS: People living in South Korea. INTERVENTIONS: Implementation of national suicide prevention policies (first: year 2004, second: year 2009). PRIMARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Suicide was defined as 'X60-X84' code according to the ICD-10 code. Age-standardised suicide rates were estimated, and a Joinpoint regression model was applied to describe the trends in suicide rate. RESULTS: From 2010 to 2016, the suicide rates in South Korea have been decreasing by 5.5% (95% CI -10.3% to -0.5%) annually. In terms of sex, the suicide rate for men had increased by 5.0% (95% CI 3.6% to 6.4%) annually from 1993 to 2010. However, there has been no statistically significant change from 2010 to 2016. For women, the suicide rate had increased by 7.5% (95% CI 6.3% to 8.7%) annually from 1993 to 2009, but since 2009, the suicide rate has been significantly decreasing by 6.1% (95% CI -9.1% to -3.0%) annually until 2016. In terms of the age group, the suicide rates among women of almost all age groups have been decreasing since 2010; however, the suicide rates of men aged between 30 and 49 years showed continuously increasing trends. CONCLUSION: Our results showed that there were differences in the changing trends in suicide rate by sex and age groups. Our finding suggests that there was a possible relationship between implementation of second national suicide prevention policies and a decline in suicide rate.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Figures
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The past 20 years have seen dramatic rises in suicide rates in the United States and other countries around the world (Curtin et al., 2016; Lee et al., 2018; Martini et al., 2019).”
From The Social Roots of Suicide: Theorizing How the External Social World Matters to Suicide and Suicide Prevention (2021) · cites this paper as Lee et al., 2018
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Suicide prevention strategies revisited: 10-year systematic review
Zalsman, G., Hawton, K., Wasserman, D., van Heeringen, K., Arensman, E., Sarchiapone, M., Carli, V., Höschl, C., Barzilay, R., Balazs, J., et al. (2016) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(16)30030-x · Cited by 1,765
Suicides associated with the 2008-10 economic recession in England: time trend analysis
Barr, B., Taylor-Robinson, D., Scott-Samuel, A., McKee, M., & Stuckler, D. (2012) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.e5142 · Cited by 452
Chang, S., Gunnell, D., Sterne, J. A. C., Lu, T., & Cheng, A. T. A. (2009) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2009.01.010 · Cited by 399
A closer look at the increase in suicide rates in South Korea from 1986–2005
Kwon, J., Chun, H., & Cho, S. (2009) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-9-72 · Cited by 327
Changes in suicide rates following media reports on celebrity suicide: a meta-analysis
Niederkrotenthaler, T., Fu, K.-W., Yip, P. S. F., Fong, D. Y. T., Stack, S., Cheng, Q., & Pirkis, J. (2012) · Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech-2011-200707 · Cited by 281
De Leo, D., Buono, M. D., & Dwyer, J. (2002) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.181.3.226 · Cited by 246
The effect of national suicide prevention programs on suicide rates in 21 OECD nations
Matsubayashi, T., & Ueda, M. (2011) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.08.022 · Cited by 241
Suicide and suicide prevention in Asia
Hendin, H., Phillips, Vijayakumar, Pirkis, J., Wang, H., Yip, P., Wassermann, D., Bertolete, J., & Fleischmann, A. (2008) · World Health Organization eBooks · Cited by 158
Impact of paraquat regulation on suicide in South Korea
Cha, E. S., Chang, S., Gunnell, D., Eddleston, M., Khang, Y., & Lee, W. J. (2015) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dyv304 · Cited by 145
Relation between attempted suicide and suicide rates among young people in Europe.
Hawton, K. E., Arensman, E., Wasserman, D., Hultén, A., Bille‐Brahe, U., Bjerke, T., Crepet, P., Deisenhammer, E., Kerkhof, A. J. F. M., Leo, D. D., et al. (1998) · Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech.52.3.191 · Cited by 141
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- Kang, 2012, Social welfare delivery reform: achievements and beyond, Health and Welfare Policy Forum, 4, 35
- Lee, 2015, Policy options for the improvement of suicide prevention programs, Health and Welfare Policy Forum, 4, 34
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–111 of 111
Shin, G., & Whitaker, M. D. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-99-3683-0_3
Suicide in older adults in Honduras: a retrospective analysis (2008-2022)
Escher, M. J. I., Castro, V. J. L., & de León, P. Y. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1489874
Yang, J. H., Kang, D. H., Park, C. H. K., Kim, M. J., Rhee, S. J., Kim, M., Lee, J., Lee, S.-Y., Kang, W. S., Cho, S., et al. (2024) · 신경정신의학 · doi:10.4306/jknpa.2024.63.4.246
Kim, C.-B., & Shine, E.-K. (2025) · Journal of Health Research · doi:10.56808/2586-940x.1135
Yeob, K. E., Kim, S. Y., Kim, Y.-Y., Kuper, H., & Park, J. H. (2025) · Disability and health journal · doi:10.1016/j.dhjo.2025.101981
Additional file 1 of Trends of completed suicide rates among Malaysian elderly between 1995 and 2020
Bakar, N. S. A., Zainuddin, N. A., Seman, Z., Khamal, N. R., & Ismail, M. H. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.22609297
Lee, K.-S., Lim, D., Paik, J.-W., Choi, Y. Y., Jeon, J., & Sung, H. K. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.20131459
Jang, H., Lee, W., Kim, Y.-O., & Kim, H. (2022) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.19254546
Association between increased suicide death rates and pancreatitis: A nationwide cohort study
Chung, K. H., Cho, I. R., Jang, D. K., Park, J. M., Paik, W. H., Cho, Y. D., Ryu, J. K., Lee, S. H., & Han, K. (2026) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2026.112614
So, E. S., & Yeo, J. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10098396/v1
Metadata
- Authors
- Lee, S.-U., Park, J.-I., Lee, S., Oh, I.-H., Choi, J.-M., & Oh, C.-M.
- Affiliations
- Kyung Hee University (KR)
- Kangwon National University (KR)
- Department of Nursing, Kyungnam University, Changwon, Republic of Korea
- Corresponding author
- Oh, Chang-Mo
- Venue
- BMJ Open
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2018-09
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- e023144
- ISSN
- 2044-6055 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6169778
- OpenAlex
- W2894128554
- Cited by
- 111
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 7
- FWCI
- 10.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- BMJ Open (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Kyung Hee University
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Injury Epidemiology and Prevention
- Keywords
- suicide rates, suicide trends, South Korea, suicide prevention policy, sex differences in suicide, age-specific suicide rates, mortality trends, joinpoint regression
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Suicide, Age Distribution, Sex Distribution, Young Adult, Republic of Korea
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
