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Physical activity is associated with improvements in other lifestyle behaviours
Open accessAbstract
Introduction: We tested whether physical activity (PA) engagement is subsequently associated with additional health-promoting behaviours in a large-scale, real-world programme leveraging technology and behavioural science to reward healthy lifestyle behaviours. Methods: In this observational, longitudinal study, we compared participants’ verified and self-reported health behaviours prior to and following their first verified engagement in PA recorded on the Vitality programme between 2014 and 2017. Results: Of 34 061 participants, the mean duration in the programme was 40.1 (SD 12.6) months, and the median time until the first PA was 13.1 (SD 16.6) months, with a mean age of 42.0 (SD 11.1) years and 14 881 (43.7%) being male. Baseline weekly PA minutes were mean 62.8 (SD 129.7), 98 (SD 26.0) and 282.9 (SD 230.0) for the low, moderate and high groups, respectively. In the 12 months following the first PA, the low group increased weekly active minutes by 156% (40 (95% CI 28.6 to 51.0) to 102 (95% CI 94.5 to 109.8)); the moderate group increased weekly active minutes by 60% (85.0 (95% CI 76.4 to 93.5) to 136 (95% CI 130.2 to 141.8)); and no change was seen for the high group. Overall, individuals exhibited an increase of 26% in their weekly active minutes from an average of 130 min (95% CI 121.2 to 139.4) to 164 min (95% CI 157.5 to 169.8). Overall, fruit and vegetable daily servings increased from 2.7 (95% CI 2.6 to 2.8) to 2.9 (95% CI 2.9 to 3.0); Kessler Stress Scores decreased from 17.4 (95% CI 17.2 to 17.6) to 17.0 (95% CI 16.9 to 17.1); sedentary hours decreased from 11.3 (95% CI 11.1 to 11.5) to 10.8 (95% CI 10.7 to 11.0); alcohol consumption decreased from 1.8 (95% CI 1.7 to 2.0) to 1.6 (95% CI 1.5 to 1.7) weekly units; sleep increased from 7.1 (95% CI 7.06 to 7.16) to 7.2 (95% CI 7.13 to 7.20) hours/night. Conclusions: PA was followed by other health-promoting behaviours. PA interventions should also evaluate the indirect impact on other health behaviours.
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Positive protective health behaviour, such as vaccination, could promote participation in future health screenings or alleviate anxieties around screening outcomes.
“Instead, positive protective health behaviour (e.g. vaccination) could promote participation in future health screenings135,136 or alleviate anxieties around screening outcomes, another common barrier to screening.”
From Identifying the key barriers, facilitators and factors associated with cervical cancer screening attendance in young women: A systematic review (2025) · cites this paper as [135]
The Discussion reports that prevention activities and health checks increased after participants first engaged in physical activity. The Methods say the prevention category includes both vaccinations and screenings, but the study does not show that vaccination promotes later screening participation. The anxiety clause is not attached to this citation and is not part of this verdict. (LLM, conf=0.85)
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Effectiveness of physical activity interventions for older adults a review
van der Bij, A. (2002) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(01)00413-5 · Cited by 505
Mata, J., Silva, M. N., Vieira, P. N., Carraça, E. V., Andrade, A. M., Coutinho, S. R., Sardinha, L. B., & Teixeira, P. J. (2009) · Health Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0016764 · Cited by 390
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Shpendi, S., Norman, P., Gibson-Miller, J., & Webster, R. (2025) · Women's Health · doi:10.1177/17455057251324309 · Cited by 11
“134 Instead, positive protective health behaviour (e.g. vaccination) could promote participation in future health screenings 135,136 or alleviate anxieties around screening outcomes, another common barrier to screening.”
Metadata
- Authors
- Hajat, C., Kotzen, D., Stein, E., & Yach, D.
- Affiliations
- United Arab Emirates University (AE)
- Vitality Group, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Yale University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Hajat, Cother
- Venue
- BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2019-11
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- e000500
- ISSN
- 2055-7647 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6887498
- OpenAlex
- W2990011575
- Cited by
- 12
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 0.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc
- Locations
- BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Behavioral Health and Interventions
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Keywords
- physical activity, health behavior change, lifestyle habits, fruit and vegetable intake, stress, sedentary behavior, sleep duration, peer influence
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