The DOI matches its Crossref record; 8 of the 8 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Green cities and health: a question of scale?
Open accessAbstract
Background: Cities are expanding and accommodating an increasing proportion of the world's population. It is important to identify features of urban form that promote the health of city dwellers. Access to green space has been associated with health benefits at both individual and neighbourhood level. We investigated whether a relationship between green space coverage and selected mortality rates exists at the city level in the USA. Methods: An ecological cross-sectional study. A detailed land use data set was used to quantify green space for the largest US cities (n=49, combined population of 43 million). Linear regression models were used to examine the association between city-level ‘greenness’ and city-level standardised rates of mortality from heart disease, diabetes, lung cancer, motor vehicle fatalities and all causes, after adjustment for confounders. Results: There was no association between greenness and mortality from heart disease, diabetes, lung cancer or automobile accidents. Mortality from all causes was significantly higher in greener cities. Conclusions: While considerable evidence suggests that access to green space yields health benefits, we found no such evidence at the scale of the American city. In the USA, greener cities tend also to be more sprawling and have higher levels of car dependency. Any benefits that the green space might offer seem easily eclipsed by these other conditions and the lifestyles that accompany them. The result merits further investigation as it has important implications for how we increase green space access in our cities.
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Cites
Tracking restoration in natural and urban field settings
Hartig, T., Evans, G. W., Jamner, L. D., Davis, D. S., & Gärling, T. (2003) · Journal of Environmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0272-4944(02)00109-3 · Cited by 2,118
Self-citationGreen space, urbanity, and health: how strong is the relation?
Maas, J., Verheij, R. A., Groenewegen, P. P., de Vries, S., & Spreeuwenberg, P. (2006) · Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech.2005.043125 · Cited by 1,976
Environmental factors associated with adults' participation in physical activity A review
Humpel, N. (2002) · American Journal of Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(01)00426-3 · Cited by 1,783
de Vries, S., Verheij, R. A., Groenewegen, P. P., & Spreeuwenberg, P. (2003) · Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space · doi:10.1068/a35111 · Cited by 1,258
The Nature of the View from Home: Psychological Benefits
Kaplan, R. (2001) · Environment and Behavior · doi:10.1177/00139160121973115 · Cited by 1,172
The mental and physical health outcomes of green exercise
Pretty, J., Peacock, J., Sellens, M., & Griffin, M. (2005) · International Journal of Environmental Health Research · doi:10.1080/09603120500155963 · Cited by 1,128
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Cited by
Hartig, T., Mitchell, R., de Vries, S., & Frumkin, H. (2014) · Annual Review of Public Health · doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-032013-182443 · Cited by 3,638
Self-citationExploring pathways linking greenspace to health: theoretical and methodological guidance
Markevych, I., Schoierer, J., Hartig, T., Chudnovsky, A., Hystad, P., Dzhambov, A. M., de Vries, S., Triguero-Mas, M., Brauer, M., Nieuwenhuijsen, M. J., et al. (2017) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2017.06.028 · Cited by 2,543
Self-citationStreetscape greenery and health: Stress, social cohesion and physical activity as mediators
de Vries, S., van Dillen, S. M. E., Groenewegen, P. P., & Spreeuwenberg, P. (2013) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.06.030 · Cited by 991
Self-citationvan den Berg, M., Wendel-Vos, W., van Poppel, M., Kemper, H., van Mechelen, W., & Maas, J. (2015) · Urban Forestry & Urban Greening · doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2015.07.008 · Cited by 852
Rook, G. A. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1313731110 · Cited by 760
Metadata
- Authors
- Richardson, E. A., Mitchell, R., Hartig, T., de Vries, S., Astell-Burt, T., & Frumkin, H.
- Venue
- Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2011-10-14
- Volume
- 66
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 160-165
- ISSN
- 0141-7681 (ISSN-L)
- 0143-005X
- 1470-2738
- OpenAlex
- W2147031808
- Cited by
- 187
- References
- 8
- FWCI
- 6.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
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