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Increased lung cancer mortality among chrysotile asbestos textile workers is more strongly associated with exposure to long thin fibres
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Animal data and physical models suggest that the carcinogenicity of asbestos fibres is related to their size and shape. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the influence of fibre length and diameter on lung cancer risk in workers at asbestos textile mills in North Carolina and South Carolina, USA. METHODS: Men and women (n=6136) who worked ≥30 days in production and were employed between 1940 and 1973 were enumerated and followed for vital status through 2003. A matrix of fibre size-specific exposure estimates was constructed using determinations of fibre numbers and dimensions through analysis of 160 historical dust samples by transmission electron microscopy. Associations of lung cancer mortality with metrics of fibre exposure were estimated by Poisson regression with adjustment for age, sex, race and calendar year. RESULTS: Exposure to fibres throughout the range of length and diameter was significantly associated with increased risk of lung cancer. Models for fibres >5 μm long and <0.25 μm in diameter provided the best fit to the data, while fibres 5-10 μm long and <0.25 μm in diameter were associated most strongly with lung cancer mortality (log rate about 4% per IQR, p<0.001). When indicators of mean fibre length and diameter were modelled simultaneously, lung cancer risk increased as fibre length increased and diameter decreased. CONCLUSIONS: The findings support the hypothesis that the occurrence of lung cancer is associated most strongly with exposure to long thin…
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“Models for fibers >5 μm long and <0.25 μm in diameter provided the best fit to the data, while fibers 5–10 μm long and <0.25 μm in diameter were associated most strongly with lung cancer mortality.”
From Quantification of short and long asbestos fibers to assess asbestos exposure: A review of fiber size toxicity (2014) · cites this paper as [36]
In the citing paper
“In another paper, Loomis et al. [36] conclude that exposure to fibers throughout the range of lengths and diameters was significantly associated with increased risk of lung cancer.”
From Quantification of short and long asbestos fibers to assess asbestos exposure: A review of fiber size toxicity (2014) · cites this paper as [36]
In the citing paper
“Nevertheless, the authors noted that exposure to short, thin fibers was associated with lung cancer risk, and these fibers represented the majority of those counted by TEM.”
From Quantification of short and long asbestos fibers to assess asbestos exposure: A review of fiber size toxicity (2014) · cites this paper as [36]
In the citing paper
“According to recent human data [33-37], it can be inferred that exposure to longer fibers was associated with higher rates of lung cancer, but no definite conclusion can be ascertained for the other size classes.”
From Quantification of short and long asbestos fibers to assess asbestos exposure: A review of fiber size toxicity (2014) · cites this paper as [36]
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Boulanger, G., Andujar, P., Pairon, J.-C., Billon-Galland, M.-A., Dion, C., Dumortier, P., Brochard, P., Sobaszek, A., Bartsch, P., Paris, C., et al. (2014) · Environmental Health · doi:10.1186/1476-069x-13-59 · Cited by 176
Baumann, F., Buck, B. J., Metcalf, R. V., McLaurin, B. T., Merkler, D. J., & Carbone, M. (2015) · Journal of Thoracic Oncology · doi:10.1097/jto.0000000000000506 · Cited by 128
A worldwide ban on asbestos production and use: some recent progress, but more still to be done
Sim, M. R. (2013) · Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1136/oemed-2012-101290 · Cited by 19
Metadata
- Authors
- Loomis, D., Dement, J. M., Elliott, L., Richardson, D., Kuempel, E. D., & Stayner, L.
- Venue
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2012-05-12
- Volume
- 69
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 564-568
- ISSN
- 1351-0711
- 1470-7926
- Cited by
- 39
- References
- 0
- Language
- en
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- Loomis, D., Dement, J. M., Elliott, L., Richardson, D., Kuempel, E. D., & Stayner, L. (2012). Increased lung cancer mortality among chrysotile asbestos textile workers is more strongly associated with exposure to long thin fibres. Occupational and Environmental Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2012-100676
