Diazoxide Treatment for Insulinoma: A National UK Survey
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Summary: A survey of UK patients receiving the drug diazoxide, revealed 40 patients with insulinoma on this treatment. Mean age (± SD) was 67 ± 18 years, and 74% were female. Duration of treatment was 7 ± 6 years (range 1–22). Most (55%) patients were treated with diazoxide because of tumour non-localisation (including failed previous surgery). Metastatic disease (20%) and poor surgical risk (10%) were other indications. Side-effects (notably fluid retention and hirsutism) were common (47%) but not troublesome. Treatment was highly effective—59% were symptom free and 38% had only occasional symptoms. Only one patient had frequent hypoglycaemia despite treatment. We conclude that diazoxide is effective in the management of insulinoma. Side-effects are common but not problematic. Treatment should be considered for all patients not cured by surgery, or unsuitable for surgical treatment.
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In a cohort study, approximately 60% of patients with an insulinoma reported resolution of hypoglycemic symptoms with seven years of diazoxide use.
“In a cohort study, approximately 60% of patients with an insulinoma reported resolution of hypoglycemic symptoms with seven years of diazoxide use [91].”
From Non-Diabetic Hypoglycemia: Evaluation and Management in Adults (2025) · cites this paper as [91]
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Research works printed but not linked: 5
- Fajans SS, Floyd JC. Diagnosis and medical management of insulinomas. Annu Rev Med 1979; 30: 313 -29.
- Stefanini P, Carboni M, Patrassi N, Bemardinis GD, Negro P. Problems of the management of insulinomas. Review of 132 cases treated with medical measures. Acta Diabet Lat 1974; 11: 71-7.
- Graber AL, Porte D, Williams RH. Clinical use of diazoxide and studies of the mechanism of its hyperglycaemic effects in man. Ann NYAcad Sci 1968; 150: 303-8.
- Flatt PR, Shibier 0, Szecowka J, Berggren PO. New perspectives on the action of sulphonylureas and hypergly- caemic sulphonamides on the pancreatic beta-cell. Diabete Metab 1994; 20: 157-62.
- Goode PN, Farndon JR, Anderson J, Johnston IDA, Morte JA. Diazoxide in the management of patients with insulino- ma. World J Surg 1986; 10: 586 -92.
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Non-Diabetic Hypoglycemia: Evaluation and Management in Adults
Looi, E., & Lawler, H. M. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm14134393 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
“In a cohort study, approximately 60% of patients with an insulinoma reported resolution of hypoglycemic symptoms with seven years of diazoxide use [91].”
- Authors
- Gill, G. V., Rauf, O., & MacFarlane, I. A.
- Affiliations
- Department of Medicine, Walton Hospital , Rice Lane, Liverpool L9 1AE, UK
- ORCID
- Gill, G V
- Venue
- Postgraduate Medical Journal
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1997-10-01
- Volume
- 73
- Issue
- 864
- Pages
- 640-641
- ISSN
- 0032-5473 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-0756
- PMC
- PMC2431498
- OpenAlex
- W2042308572
- Cited by
- 173
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 1.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Postgraduate Medical Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Neuroendocrine Tumor Research Advances
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Pituitary Gland Disorders and Treatments
- Keywords
- diazoxide, insulinoma, hypoglycemia, adverse drug reactions, fluid retention, hirsutism, tumor localization, surgical inoperability, metastatic disease, treatment effectiveness, patient survey
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antihypertensive Agents, Diazoxide, Female, Humans, Insulinoma, Kidney Diseases, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, Unknown Primary, Health Care Surveys
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