Residence times of juvenile salmon and steelhead in off-channel tidal freshwater habitats, Columbia River, USA
Abstract
We documented two life history strategies for juvenile salmonids as expressed in off-channel tidal freshwater habitats of the Columbia River: (i) active migrations by upper river Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during the primary spring and summer migration periods and (ii) overwinter rearing in tidal freshwater habitats by coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and naturally produced Chinook salmon mostly from lower river sources. During spring–summer 2007–2008, acoustic-tagged fish originating above Bonneville Dam (rkm 234) had short residence times in off-channel areas (rkm 192–203): median 2.5 and 2.6 h for yearling (mean lengths 134 and 158 mm) and 3.0 and 3.4 h for subyearling (104 and 116 mm) Chinook salmon and 2.5 h for yearling steelhead (215 mm). The percentage of fish in off-channel areas out of the total in the main- and off-channels areas was highest for yearling Chinook salmon (8.1% and 9.3% for 2007 and 2008, respectively) and lowest for steelhead (4.0% for 2008) and subyearling Chinook salmon (3.6% and 6.1% for 2007 and 2008, respectively). In late January and early February 2010, 2011, and 2012, we captured and tagged yearling Chinook and coho salmon occupying off-channel tidal freshwater habitats. Median residence times in off-channel areas were 11.6–25.5 days for juvenile Chinook (106, 115, and 118 mm, respectively by year) and 11.2 days for coho salmon (116 mm). This study is the first to estimate residence times f…
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SWHA is important to the survival of juvenile salmonids migrating seaward, because they use this habitat to rest, feed, and undergo smoltification.
“SWHA is important to the survival of juvenile salmonids migrating seaward, because they use this habitat to rest, feed, and undergo smoltification (Johnson et al. 2015;Roegner et al. 2016;Sather et al. 2016).”
From Shallow-Water Habitat in the Lower Columbia River Estuary: A Highly Altered System (2024) · cites this paper as Johnson et al. 2015
These wetland losses have strongly affected habitat availability for migrating and temporarily resident juvenile salmonids.
“These wetland losses have strongly affected habitat availability for migrating and temporarily resident juvenile salmonids (Bottom et al. 2011;Johnson et al. 2015), but SWHA has also been altered by changing hydrology and tides.”
From Shallow-Water Habitat in the Lower Columbia River Estuary: A Highly Altered System (2024) · cites this paper as Johnson et al. 2015
Stomach contents at rkm 15 are an integrative measurement of prior feeding in the LCRE rather than a point estimate, given rapid travel times (>50 km/d) of yearling juvenile salmon through the LCRE, though residence times can be longer by life history strategy.
“Stomach contents at rkm 15 should not be considered a point estimate, but rather an integrative measurement of prior feeding in the LCRE, given the rapid travel times (>50 km/d) estimated for yearling juvenile salmon migrating through the LCRE (Harnish et al. 2012, Weitkamp et al. 2015), though residence times in the LCRE can be considerably longer according to life history strategy (Johnson et al”
From Evidence‐based evaluation of the cumulative effects of ecosystem restoration (2016) · cites this paper as Johnson et al. 2015
Regardless of size, the residence time of juvenile salmon in off-channel areas is a negative function of the propensity to be actively migrating to the ocean.
“Regardless of size, the residence time of juvenile salmon in off-channel areas is a function (negative relationship) of the propensity to be actively migrating to the ocean (Johnson et al. 2015).”
From Evidence‐based evaluation of the cumulative effects of ecosystem restoration (2016) · cites this paper as Johnson et al. 2015
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References 52 · Cited by 20
- Authors
- Johnson, G. E., Ploskey, G. R., Sather, N. K., & Teel, D. J.
- Affiliations
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (US)
- NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ploskey, Gene R.
- ORCID
- Sather, Nichole K.
- Venue
- Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
- Publisher
- Canadian Science Publishing
- Published
- 2015-05
- Volume
- 72
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 684-696
- ISSN
- 0706-652X (ISSN-L)
- 1205-7533
- OpenAlex
- W2162492179
- Cited by
- 20
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 3.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Nature and Landscape Conservation › Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Marine and fisheries research
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Aquatic Science › Fish Biology and Ecology Studies
- Keywords
- juvenile salmonids, residence time, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, steelhead, rainbow trout, coho salmon, acoustic tagging, habitat restoration, Columbia River
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