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Late Quaternary geology of eastern Graham Island, Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia
Abstract
A reconnaissance study of Quaternary sediments exposed in coastal bluffs on eastern Graham Island has revealed the presence of two major till units, each of which is underlain by glaciomarine stony mud, outwash sand and gravel, and laminated to massive silt and sand of undetermined origin. Sediment units below the surface drift are older than the radiocarbon dating limit. Sediments above this drift provide a nearly continuous record of geologic events from before 16 000 years BP until the present.Stratigraphic evidence and radiocarbon dates indicate that: (1) late Wisconsin glaciation of the coastal lowlands of Graham Island was weak and of short duration; and (2) a period of low sea levels during late Pleistocene time was followed by a transgression that culminated about 7500–8000 years ago when the sea was about 15 m higher relative to the land than at present. Marine regression during middle and late Holocene time produced wave-cut scarps, wave-cut benches overlain by littoral sediments, bars, spits, and beach and dune ridges.
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Minimum limiting radiocarbon ages from Haida Gwaii indicate that ice decay was underway by 19.4 ka.
“In contrast, minimum limiting radiocarbon ages from Haida Gwaii on the central west coast (Figure 1) have been interpreted to indicate that ice decay was underway by 19.4 ka (Blaise et al., 1990;Clague et al., 1982;Mathewes & Clague, 2017;Warner et al., 1982).”
From Retreat of the Western Cordilleran Ice Sheet Margin During the Last Deglaciation (2018) · cites this paper as Clague et al., 1982
The western edge of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet advanced across Hecate Strait at ca. 30.0 ka and reached Haida Gwaii after ca. 22.0 ka, but was retreating by ca. 19.4 ka.
“The timing of deglaciation reported here agrees with findings from north of the study area (Blaise et al., 1990;Clague et al., 1982;Mathewes & Clague, 2017;Warner et al., 1982), implying that the western edge of the Cordilleran Ice Sheet advanced across Hecate Strait at ca. 30.0 ka and reached Haida Gwaii after ca.22.0 ka, but was retreating by ca.19.4 ka (Figure 4i).”
From Retreat of the Western Cordilleran Ice Sheet Margin During the Last Deglaciation (2018) · cites this paper as Clague et al., 1982
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Retreat of the Western Cordilleran Ice Sheet Margin During the Last Deglaciation
Darvill, C. M., Menounos, B., Goehring, B. M., Lian, O. B., & Caffee, M. W. (2018) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2018gl079419 · Cited by 105
Metadata
- Authors
- Clague, J. J., Mathewes, R. W., & Warner, B. G.
- Venue
- Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences
- Publisher
- Canadian Science Publishing
- Published
- 1982-09-01
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1786-1795
- ISSN
- 0008-4077
- 1480-3313
- Cited by
- 56
- References
- 0
- Language
- en
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